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SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
USE OF RADAR
 
However, the gain may be manually tuned to detect the strongest part of a cell displayed in red on the ND. If the gain is slowly reduced, the red areas (level 3 return) will slowly become yellow areas (level 2 return), and the yellow areas will become green areas (level 1). The last part of the cell to turn yellow is the strongest area.
The gain must then be reset to AUTO/CAL mode.
MODE
The operation modes are WX, WX+T, TURB, MAP.
WX+T or TURB modes are used to locate the wet turbulence area.
TURB mode detects wet turbulence within 40 nm, and is not affected by the gain. TURB mode should be used to isolate turbulence from precipitation.
GCS ��
The Ground Clutter Suppression (GCS) operates in WX mode, and inhibits the ground echoes on the ND.
It is sometimes difficult to differentiate between weather and ground returns. A change in tilt rapidly changes the shape and color of ground returns and eventually makes them disappear. This is not the case for weather.
RCT ��
The React (RCT) function is used temporarily to help detect weather or buildups beyond of the weather already detected.
PWS
(Refer to SI-010 windshear)
 
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
USE OF RADAR
 
OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WEATHER DETECTION
Applicable to: ALL
 
Note: It is difficult to differentiate between weather returns and ground returns: A change in TILT causes the shape and color of ground returns to change rapidly. These ground returns eventually disappear. This is not the case for weather returns.
 
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
USE OF RADAR
 
OTHER OPERATIONNAL RECOMMENDATION
Applicable to: ALL
WEATHER AVOIDANCE
? When weather is suspected, scan for it by varying the radar tilt. If AUTOTILT or MULTISCAN function is available, reselect AUTO after scanning.
? Do not underestimate a thunderstorm, even if echo is weak (only wet parts are detected)
? Avoid all red + magenta cells by at least 20 nm
? Deviate upwind instead of downwind (less probability of turbulence or hail)
? Do not attempt to fly below a storm even visual (turbulence, shear, altimetry)
? Use TURB detection to isolate turbulence from precipitation
? There may be severe turbulence, up to 5 000 ft above a cell
? Storms with tops above 35 000 ft are hazardous
? Frequent and vivid lightning indicates a high probability of severe turbulence.
WEATHER PENETRATION
In the case of storm penetration, the flight crew must take full advantage of the radar. For flight crew guidelines, in the case of turbulence, Refer to SI-010 turbulence.
MAPPING
TILT and GAIN have to be adjusted harmoniously, because the ground returns vary greatly with the angle of the radar beam which illuminates them.
　
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