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For some non-normal conditions, the possibility of higher airspeed on approach,
longer landing distance, a different flare picture or a different landing technique
should be considered.
Plan an extended straight-in approach with time allocated for the completion of
any lengthy NNC steps such as the use of alternate flap or landing gear extension
systems. Arm autobrakes and speedbrakes unless precluded by the NNC.
Note: The use of autobrakes is recommended because maximum autobraking
may be more effective than maximum manual braking due to timely
application upon touchdown and symmetrical braking. However, the
Advisory Information in the PI chapter of the QRH provides Non-normal
Configuration Landing Distance data based upon the use of maximum
manual braking. When used properly, maximum manual braking provides
the shortest stopping distance.
Fly a normal glide path and attempt to land in the normal touchdown zone. After
landing, use available deceleration measures to bring the airplane to a complete
stop on the runway. The captain must determine if an immediate evacuation
should be accomplished or if the airplane can be safely taxied off the runway.
Landing at the Nearest Suitable Airport
“Plan to land at the nearest suitable airport” is a phrase used in the QRH. This
section explains the basis for that statement and how it is applied.
In a non-normal situation, the pilot-in-command, having the authority and
responsibility for operation and safety of the flight, must make the decision to
continue the flight as planned or divert. In an emergency situation, this authority
may include necessary deviations from any regulation to meet the emergency. In
all cases, the pilot-in-command is expected to take a safe course of action.
The QRH assists flight crews in the decision making process by indicating those
situations where “landing at the nearest suitable airport” is required. These
situations are described in the Checklist Introduction or the individual NNC.
The regulations regarding an engine failure are specific. Most regulatory agencies
specify that the pilot-in-command of a twin engine airplane that has an engine
failure or engine shutdown shall land at the nearest suitable airport at which a safe
landing can be made.
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
Non-Normal Operations
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
8.4 FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM)
A suitable airport is defined by the operating authority for the operator based on
guidance material, but in general must have adequate facilities and meet certain
minimum weather and field conditions. If required to divert to the nearest suitable
airport (twin engine airplanes with an engine failure), the guidance material also
typically specifies that the pilot should select the nearest suitable airport “in point
of time” or “in terms of time.” In selecting the nearest suitable airport, the
pilot-in-command should consider the suitability of nearby airports in terms of
facilities and weather and their proximity to the airplane position. The
pilot-in-command may determine, based on the nature of the situation and an
examination of the relevant factors, that the safest course of action is to divert to
a more distant airport than the nearest airport. For example, there is not necessarily
a requirement to spiral down to the airport nearest the airplane's present position
if, in the judgment of the pilot-in-command, it would require equal or less time to
continue to another nearby airport.
For persistent smoke or a fire which cannot positively be confirmed to be
completely extinguished, the safest course of action typically requires the earliest
possible descent, landing and evacuation. This may dictate landing at the nearest
airport appropriate for the airplane type, rather than at the nearest suitable airport
normally used for the route segment where the incident occurs.
Ditching
Send Distress Signals
Transmit Mayday, current position, course, speed, altitude, situation, intention,
time and position of intended touchdown, and type of airplane using existing
air-to-ground frequency. Set transponder code 7700 and, if practical, determine
the course to the nearest ship or landfall.
Advise Crew and Passengers
Alert the crew and the passengers to prepare for ditching. Assign life raft positions
(as installed) and order all loose equipment in the airplane secured. Put on life
vests, shoulder harnesses, and seat belts. Do not inflate life vests until after exiting
the airplane.
Fuel Burn-Off
Consider burning off fuel prior to ditching, if the situation permits. This provides
　
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