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Antiskid Inoperative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7
Tiller/Rudder Pedal Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7
Turning Radius and Gear Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7
Visual Cues and Techniques for Turning while Taxiing . . . . . . . . . . 2.8
Turns of 180 Degrees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.10
180 Degree (Pivot) Turns in Less than 147.6 feet / 45 m . . . . . . . . 2.14
Taxi - Adverse Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.16
Taxi - One Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.17
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
2.TOC.2 FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM)
Ground Operations -
Table of Contents
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October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
Ground Operations Chapter 2
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM) 2.1
2. Ground Operations- Preface
This chapter outlines the recommended operating practices and techniques during
ground operations, including pushback, engine start and taxi. Taxi operations
during adverse weather are also addressed. The recommended operating practices
and techniques discussed in this chapter improve crew coordination, enhance
safety and provide a basis for standardization.
Preflight
Fluctuating and inaccurate airspeed and altimeter indications after takeoff have
been attributed to static ports obstructed by ice formed while the airplane was on
the ground. Precipitation or water rundown after snow removal may freeze on or
near the static ports. This may cause an ice buildup which disturbs airflow over
the static ports resulting in erroneous airspeed and altimeter readings, even when
static ports appear to be clear. Since static ports and the surrounding surfaces are
not heated when probe heat is activated, a thorough preflight inspection and
clearing of all contaminants around the static ports are critical.
The aircrew should pay particular attention to the static ports during the exterior
inspection when the airplane has been subjected to freezing precipitation. Clear
ice on the static ports can be difficult to detect. If in doubt, contact maintenance
for assistance.
Takeoff Briefing
The takeoff briefing should be accomplished as soon as practical so it does not
interfere with the final takeoff preparations.
The takeoff briefing is a description of the departure flight path with emphasis on
anticipated track and altitude restrictions. It assumes normal operating procedures
are used. Therefore, it is not necessary to brief normal or standard takeoff
procedures. Additional briefing items may be required when any elements of the
takeoff and/or departure are different from those routinely used. These may
include:
• adverse weather
• adverse runway conditions
• unique noise abatement requirements
• dispatch using the minimum equipment list
• special engine out departure procedures (if applicable)
• any other situation where it is necessary to review or define crew
responsibilities.
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
Ground Operations
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
2.2 FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM)
Push Back or Towing
Each operator should develop specific pushback and towing procedures and
policies which are tailored for their specific operations. The flight operations and
maintenance departments need to be primary in developing these procedures.
Pushback and towing present serious hazards to ground personnel. There have
been many accidents where personnel were run over by the airplane wheels during
the pushback or towing process.
Pushback or towing involves three phases:
• positioning and connecting the tug and tow bar
• moving the airplane
• disconnecting the tow bar.
Proper training of both pilots and ground maintenance and good communication
between the flight deck and ground personnel are essential for a safe operation.
The headset operator, who is walking in the vicinity of the nose wheels, is usually
the person injured or killed in the majority of the accidents. Procedures that do not
have personnel in the vicinity of the nose wheels help to reduce the possibility of
these type accidents.
Note: Pushback or tow out is normally accomplished with all hydraulic systems
pressurized and the nose wheel steering locked out.
　
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