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approach procedure
• other related crew actions such as tuning of radios, setting of course
information, or other special requirements
• taxi routing to parking
• any appropriate information related to a non-normal procedure
• management of AFDS.
Approach Category
FAA Category Speed
C 121 knots or more but less than 141 knots
D 141 knots or more but less than 166 knots
Speed - based upon a speed of VREF in the landing configuration at
maximum certificated landing weight.
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
Approach and Missed Approach
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM) 5.3
The designated approach category for an aircraft type is defined by the landing
reference speed (VREF) at the maximum certified landing weight under both USA
and ICAO criteria.
Under USA criteria, an aircraft approach category is used for straight-in
approaches only. For circling approaches, the anticipated circling speed at the
actual weight is used to determine the required approach minimums. Circling
approach minimums are normally published on instrument procedures charts as a
function of maximum airplane speeds for circling in lieu of airplane approach
categories.
Under ICAO criteria, an aircraft approach category is used for both straight-in and
circling approaches to determine the required approach minimums. The aircraft
category for a circling approach may be different than that for a straight-in
approach.
777-200, 777-200LR
• The 777-200 series airplanes are classified as Category “C” airplanes for
straight-in approaches.
777-300, 777-300ER
• The 777-300 series airplanes are classified as Category “D” airplanes for
straight-in approaches.
787-8
• The 787 is classified as a Category “TBD” airplane for straight-in
approaches.
Circling approach minimums for both USA and ICAO criteria are based on
obstruction clearance for approach maneuvering within a defined region of
airspace. The region of airspace is determined as a function of actual airplane
speed. This region gets larger with increasing speed, which may result in higher
approach minimums depending on the terrain characteristics surrounding the
airport. Similarly, approach minimums may decrease as speed is reduced.
However, the use of different circling approach minimums based on actual
approach speeds does not change the designated approach category of the
airplane.
ICAO
Category
Range of
Speeds at
Threshold
Range of
Speeds for
Initial
Approach
Range of
Speeds for
Final
Approach
Max Speeds
for Visual
Maneuvering
(Circling)
Max Speeds for
Missed Approach
Intermediate
Final
C 121/140 160/240 115/160 180 160 240
D 141/165 185/250 130/185 205 185 265
Speeds at threshold - based upon a speed of VREF in the landing configuration at
maximum certified landing weight.
October 31, 2006
777/787 Flight Crew Training Manual
Approach and Missed Approach
Copyright © The Boeing Company. See title page for details.
5.4 FCT 777/787 Preliminary (TM)
Approach Clearance
When cleared for an approach and on a published segment of that approach, the
pilot is authorized to descend to the minimum altitude for that segment. When
cleared for an approach and not on a published segment of the approach, maintain
assigned altitude until crossing the initial approach fix or established on a
published segment of that approach. If established in a holding pattern at the final
approach fix, the pilot is authorized to descend to the procedure turn altitude when
cleared for the approach.
If using a VNAV path, all altitude and speed constraints must be entered either
manually, by selecting a published arrival, or by a combination of both. When
properly entered, the VNAV path profile complies with all altitude constraints.
Crossing altitudes may be higher than the minimum altitudes for that segment
because the VNAV path is designed to optimize descent profiles.
When conducting an instrument approach from the holding pattern, continue on
the same pattern as holding, extend flaps to 5 on the outbound track parallel to
final approach course. Turn inbound on the procedure turn heading. This type of
approach is also referred to as a race track approach.
Procedure Turn
On most approaches the procedure turn must be completed within specified limits,
such as within 10 NM of the procedure turn fix or beacon. The FMC depicted
　
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