11.5 Weather monitoring systems
11.5.1 Wind indication systems 1) All airbases will be equipped with a wind indicating system that is clearly visible to the pilot and provides an indication of wind speed and direction.
2) Windsock systems are preferred over metal flag systems.
3) At any airbase where night operations may be conducted, the wind indicating system must be illuminated.
4) Helidecks shall be equipped with at least one windsock positioned so as to be visible for take-off and landings and shall be located outside the obstacle free zone.
11.5.2 Weather observation requirements for VFR operations to manned facilities 1) In addition to the wind indicating systems above, airports, airstrips and helidecks should be equipped with a weather station with the following: a) a temperature gauge; and b) a barometric gauge; and c) a means of providing cloud ceiling height and visibility (either with a trained weather observer or Automated Weather Observation System (AWOS); and
d) a means of relaying this information to the helicopter pilot. 2) Helideck weather stations should also have the following in addition to the items noted above: a) ability to report sea state which may be estimated visually or by using wave measurement equipment; and b) offshore floating facilities must also have a means of measuring helideck pitch, roll and heave. 3) For placement of weather observation stations, the following guidance from the FAA may be used where none is provided locally. a) one weather station for each airbase area encompassing an area of 10 miles in radius or less; or b) multiple weather stations for larger areas (two AWOS or one AWOS and one other weather station with a trained weather observer may cover field areas covering up to 60 x 80 miles). c) In any case, for AWOS only stations, there should be a backup capability of a trained observer for AWOS only systems.
11.5.3 Weather observation requirements for IFR/Night operations
For areas where IFR or night operations are to be conducted, the weather station must provide all the items in A-C above and in addition the following will be provided: 1) the weather observer should be certified via training in an approved weather observation course; and 2) consideration should be given to providing AWOS with certified weather capabilities; and 3) dew point should also be provided.
11.5.4 Weather equipment maintenance
Equipment should be calibrated annually or as per manufacturer recommendations. Equipment should be maintained in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
11.6 Airbase rescue equipment
The provision of airbase rescue equipment, if required by local authority, should be provided in a crash box protecting all components from the elements.
Inspection schedules of the equipment should be formulated and periodic inspections docu-mented.
Examples of the required equipment can be found in CAP 437 for helidecks, and ICAO Annex 14 for airports, airstrips, heliports and helidecks.
11.7 Airbase fire protection & equipment
All airbases should have a means of extinguishing a fire that is commensurate with the potential risk.
Inspection schedules of the equipment should be formulated in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations or local regulations. Periodic inspections should be documented.
Examples of the required equipment can be found in CAP 437 for helidecks; ICAO Annex 14 for airports, airstrips, heliports and helidecks; and The National Fire Protection Association “NFPA 418 Standard for Heliports”.
The following guidelines are presented as a minimum and are in accord with NFPA 418. Local regulations may differ. Airbases should comply with local regulatory requirements, but in absence of regulatory requirements, the following criteria apply:
a) Flammable liquid storage tanks should be located at least 16 meters from the takeoff and landing area. b) Landing areas should be sloped to drain flammables and liquids away from passenger access and egress points. c) No smoking is allowed on airbases, other than in designated locations. d) Portable fire extinguishers may be used on unmanned airbases or areas when water is not available.
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