13 Appendices

Appendix 1: Risk assessment & risk reduction opportunity ranking
97 Appendix 2: Example of aviation safety management systems - aviation safety case
103 Appendix 3: Duties & responsibilities of the Air Operations Supervisor (AOS)
105 Appendix 4: Training courses - Air Operations Supervisor (AOS)
107 Appendix 5: Experience & qualification levels
113 Appendix 6: Aviation weather guidelines 127 Appendix 7: Recommended aircraft equipment fit 137 Appendix 8: Heliportable land seismic operations – to be issued December 2008 143 Appendix 9: Winching (hoisting) operations 145 Appendix 10: Airborne geophysical survey 151 Appendix 11: Aerial pipeline inspection 157 Appendix 12: Helicopters as a secondary search & rescue task 163
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Appendix 1 Risk assessment
& risk reduction opportunity ranking

With all businesses driven to get the most possible value from each and every expenditure, invest-ments in safety should be guided by risk assessment and a structured process to ensure that the funds available are spent on the things that will do the most good to improve safety. The following guide-lines describe a structured process for assessing risk and for ranking risk reduction opportunities in a way to manage risks to a level as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP).
Risk is the product of potential consequence (e.g., fatalities, asset loss, environmental damage) and probability (frequency or likelihood). Risk assessment is the act of judging and classifying the poten-tial consequences and the likelihood of hazardous events. Many companies use similar matrices to the one shown below to assess risk.
Consequence  Increasing likelihood 
Severity People Assets Environment Reputation  A  B  C  D  E 
Never heard of in E&P industry  Heard of in E&P industry  Incident has occurred in our company  Happens several times per year in our company  Happens several times per year in a location 
0  No health effect/injury  No damage  No effect  No impact  High Risk Low risk Medium Risk 
1  Slight health effect/injury  Slight damage  Slight effect  Slight impact 
2  Minor health effect/injury  Minor damage  Minor effect  Limited impact 
3  Major health effect/injury  Localised damage  Localised effect  Considerable impact 
4  PTD or 1 to 3 fatalities  Major damage  Major effect  National impact 
5  Multiple fatalities  Extensive damage  Massive effect  International impact 

The vertical axis displays the potential consequence of an incident and the horizontal axis displays the likelihood of this consequence. The combination of potential consequence and likelihood defines the risk classification.
Potential Consequence is divided into levels running from ‘0’ to ‘5’, indicating increasing severity. A potential consequence should be reasonable and credible; something that could have developed upon the release of the hazard. It is very important to judge the potential consequences in addition to the actual ones. These are defined as the consequences that could have resulted from the released hazard if circumstances had been less favourable.
The overall potential consequence of an incident is established for four different scenarios. These are People, Assets, Environment & Reputation. A combination of these is possible, but the highest potential consequence is normally used for further analysis. For example, if an incident could have caused a single fatality (People 4) and minor damage to an aircraft (Assets 2), the potential Level 4 consequence is then used in the incident classification (e.g., Low Risk, Medium Risk, High Risk).
　
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