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Mapping is the secondary function. For mapping, the echo takes into account the difference between incoming and outgoing signals. Any significant difference in the signal is easily mapped (e.g. mountains or cities), but a small difference in the signal is not mapped (e.g. calm sea or even ground).
FUNCTIONS
Criteria: SA
1 Applicable to: MSN 0045-2629, 3130-4078
The flight crew uses the following controls to operate the radar: TILT
"Tilt" is the angle between the antenna radar and the horizon, irrespective of the aircraft's pitch and bank angles. The antenna stabilizes by using IRS data.
 
To help avoid weather, it is important to effectively manage the tilt, taking into account the flight phase and the ND range.
Usually, it is the appropriate tilt value that provides ground returns on the top of the ND.
In case of overscanning, a cell may not be detected or may be underestimated, when the radar beam scans the upper part of the cell. This occurs because, at high altitude, this cell may have ice particles, and therefore the reflection of these particles is weak.
If AUTO TILT function is installed, selecting AUTO ensures a proper tilt management along the flight.
 

  SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
USE OF RADAR
A318/A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL 

GAIN
Gain control is mostly used in AUTO/CAL mode. The detection or evaluation of cells will always start in AUTO/CAL gain mode.
However, the gain may be manually tuned to detect the strongest part of a cell displayed in red on the ND. If the gain is slowly reduced, the red areas (level 3 return) will slowly become yellow areas (level 2 return), and the yellow areas will become green areas (level 1). The last part of the cell to turn yellow is the strongest area.
The gain must then be reset to AUTO/CAL mode.
MODE
The operation modes are WX, WX+T, TURB, MAP.
WX+T or TURB modes are used to locate the wet turbulence area. TURB mode detects wet
turbulence within 40 nm, and is not affected by the gain. TURB mode should be used to isolate turbulence from precipitation.
GCS ��
The Ground Clutter Suppression (GCS) operates in WX mode, and inhibits the ground echoes on the ND.
It is sometimes difficult to differentiate between weather and ground returns. A change in tilt rapidly changes the shape and color of ground returns and eventually makes them disappear. This is not the case for weather.
RCT ��
The React (RCT) function is used temporarily to help detect weather or buildups beyond of the weather already detected.
PWS
Refer to SI-010 WINDSHEAR on adverse weather.
FUNCTIONS
Criteria: P7929, SA Applicable to: MSN 2907
The flight crew uses the following controls to operate the radar: TILT
"Tilt" is the angle between the antenna radar and the horizon, irrespective of the aircraft's pitch and bank angles. The antenna stabilizes by using IRS data.
　
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本文鏈接地址：A318/A319/A320/A321 機組訓練手冊 FCTM Flight Crew Training Manual(181)