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which is designated primarily for the provision of
approach control service, when no ACC is established.
4.1.2 Approach control service
Approach control service shall be provided:
a) by an aerodrome control tower or an ACC, when it is
necessary or desirable to combine under the responsibility
of one unit the functions of the approach control
service and those of the aerodrome control service or
the area control service; or
b) by an approach control unit, when it is necessary or
desirable to establish a separate unit.
Note.— Approach control service may be provided by a
unit co-located with an ACC, or by a control sector within an
ACC.
4.1.3 Aerodrome control service
Aerodrome control service shall be provided by an aerodrome
control tower.
4.2 RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE PROVISION
OF FLIGHT INFORMATION SERVICE
AND ALERTING SERVICE
Flight information service and alerting service shall be
provided as follows:
a) within a flight information region (FIR): by a flight
information centre, unless the responsibility for
providing such services is assigned to an air traffic
control unit having adequate facilities for the exercise
of such responsibilities;
b) within controlled airspace and at controlled
aerodromes: by the relevant air traffic control units.
4.3 DIVISION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR
CONTROL BETWEEN AIR TRAFFIC
CONTROL UNITS
4.3.1 General
The appropriate ATS authority shall designate the area of
responsibility for each air traffic control (ATC) unit and, when
applicable, for individual control sectors within an ATC unit.
Where there is more than one ATC working position within a
unit or sector, the duties and responsibilities of the individual
working positions shall be defined.
4.3.2 Between a unit providing aerodrome
control service and a unit providing
approach control service
4.3.2.1 Except for flights which are provided aerodrome
control service only, the control of arriving and departing
controlled flights shall be divided between units providing
aerodrome control service and units providing approach
control service as follows:
4.3.2.1.1 Arriving aircraft. Control of an arriving aircraft
shall be transferred from the unit providing approach control
service to the unit providing aerodrome control service when
the aircraft:
a) is in the vicinity of the aerodrome, and
1) it is considered that approach and landing will be
completed in visual reference to the ground, or
2) has reached uninterrupted visual meteorological
conditions, or
4-2 Air Traffic Management (PANS-ATM)
1/11/01
b) is at a prescribed point or level, or
c) has landed,
as specified in letters of agreement or ATS unit instructions.
4.3.2.1.2 Transfer of communications to the aerodrome
controller should be effected at such a point, level or time that
clearance to land or alternative instructions, as well as
information on essential local traffic, can be issued in a timely
manner.
Note.— Even though there is an approach control unit,
control of certain flights may be transferred directly from an
ACC to an aerodrome control tower and vice versa, by prior
arrangement between the units concerned for the relevant part
of approach control service to be provided by the ACC or the
aerodrome control tower, as applicable.
4.3.2.1.3 Departing aircraft. Control of a departing
aircraft shall be transferred from the unit providing aerodrome
control service to the unit providing approach control service:
a) when visual meteorological conditions prevail in the
vicinity of the aerodrome:
1) prior to the time the aircraft leaves the vicinity of
the aerodrome,
2) prior to the aircraft entering instrument meteorological
conditions, or
3) when the aircraft is at a prescribed point or level,
as specified in letters of agreement or ATS unit instructions;
b) when instrument meteorological conditions prevail at
the aerodrome:
1) immediately after the aircraft is airborne, or
2) when the aircraft is at a prescribed point or level,
as specified in letters of agreement or local instructions.
Note.— See Note following 4.3.2.1.2.
4.3.3 Between a unit providing approach
control service and a unit providing
area control service
4.3.3.1 When area control service and approach control
service are not provided by the same air traffic control unit,
responsibility for controlled flights shall rest with the unit
providing area control service except that a unit providing
approach control service shall be responsible for the control
　
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