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missed approach over adjacent runways;
c) by transfer of radar identification (see 8.6.3);
d) by ascertaining the aircraft heading, if circumstances
require, and following a period of track observation:
— instructing the pilot to execute one or more
changes of heading of 30 degrees or more and
correlating the movements of one particular radar
position indication with the aircraft’s acknowledged
execution of the instructions given; or
— correlating the movements of a particular radar
position indication with manoeuvres currently
executed by an aircraft having so reported.
When using these methods, the radar controller shall:
i) verify that the movements of not more than one
radar position indication correspond with those of
the aircraft; and
ii) ensure that the manoeuvre(s) will not carry the
aircraft outside the coverage of the radar display.
Note 1.— Caution must be exercised when
employing these methods in areas where route
changes normally take place.
Note 2.— With reference to ii) above, see also
8.6.5.1 regarding radar vectoring of controlled
aircraft.
8.6.2.3.2 Use may be made of direction-finding bearings
to assist in radar identification of an aircraft. This method,
however, shall not be used as the sole means of establishing
radar identification, unless so prescribed by the appropriate
ATS authority for particular cases under specified conditions.
8.6.2.3.3 When two or more radar position indications
are observed in close proximity, or are observed to be making
similar movements at the same time, or when doubt exists as
to the identity of a radar position indication for any other
reason, changes of heading should be prescribed or repeated as
many times as necessary, or additional methods of identification
should be employed, until all risk of error in
identification is eliminated.
8.6.3 Transfer of radar identification
8.6.3.1 Transfer of radar identification from one radar
controller to another should only be attempted when it is
considered that the aircraft is within the accepting controller’s
radar coverage.
8.6.3.2 Transfer of radar identification shall be effected
by one of the following methods:
a) designation of the radar position indication by automated
means, provided that only one radar position
indication is thereby indicated and there is no possible
doubt of correct identification;
b) notification of the discrete code of the aircraft;
Note.— The use of this procedure requires a
system of code assignment which ensures that each
aircraft in a given portion of airspace is assigned a
discrete code (see 8.5.2.2.7).
Chapter 8. Radar Services 8-7
1/11/01
c) notification that the aircraft is Mode S-equipped with
an aircraft identification feature when Mode S
coverage is available;
d) direct designation (pointing with the finger) of the
radar position indication, if the two radar displays are
adjacent, or if a common “conference” type of radar
display is used;
Note.— Attention must be given to any errors
which might occur due to parallax effects.
e) designation of the radar position indication by
reference to, or in terms of bearing and distance from,
a geographical position or navigational facility
accurately indicated on both radar displays, together
with the track of the observed radar position indication
if the route of the aircraft is not known to both
controllers;
Note.— Caution must be exercised before
establishing radar identification using this method,
particularly if other radar position indications are
observed on similar headings and in close proximity to
the aircraft under radar control. Inherent radar
deficiencies, such as inaccuracies in bearing and
distance of the radar position indications displayed on
individual radars and parallax errors, may cause the
indicated position of an aircraft in relation to the
known point to differ between the two radar displays.
The appropriate ATS authority may, therefore,
prescribe additional conditions for the application of
this method, e.g.:
i) a maximum distance from the common reference
point used by the two controllers; and
ii) a maximum distance between the radar position
indication as observed by the accepting controller
and the one stated by the transferring controller.
f) instruction to the aircraft by the transferring controller
to change code and the observation of the change by
the accepting controller; or
g) instruction to the aircraft by the transferring controller
　
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