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dangerous.
ACCELERATION—Force involved in overcoming
inertia, and which may be defined as a change in
velocity per unit of time.
ADM—See AERONAUTICAL DECISION
MAKING.
AERONAUTICAL DECISION MAKING (ADM)—
A systematic approach to the mental process used
by pilots to consistently determine the best course
of action in response to a given set of circumstances.
A/FD—See AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY.
AFM—See AIRCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL.
AIRCRAFT—A device that is used or intended to be
used for flight in the air.
AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT—An occurrence associated
with the operation of an aircraft which takes
place between the time any person boards the
aircraft with the intention of flight and all such
persons have disembarked, and in which any
person suffers death or serious injury, or in which
the aircraft receives substantial damage. (NTSB
830.2)
AIRCRAFT CATEGORIES—(1) As used with
respect to the certification, ratings, privileges, and
limitations of airmen, means a broad classification
of aircraft. Examples include: powered parachute,
airplane, rotorcraft, glider, lighter-than-air, and
weight-shift control. (2) As used with respect to
the certification of aircraft, means a grouping of
aircraft based upon intended use or operating limitations.
Examples include: transport, normal, utility,
acrobatic, limited, restricted, and provisional.
AIRCRAFT OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS—A
document developed by the aircraft manufacturer
and accepted by the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA). It is specific to a particular make and
model powered parachute by serial number and it
contains operating procedures and limitations.
AIRFOIL—An airfoil is any surface, such as a wing
or propeller, which provides aerodynamic force
when it interacts with a moving stream of air.
AIRPORT—An area of land or water that is used or
intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of
aircraft, and includes its buildings and facilities, if
any.
AIRPORT/FACILITY DIRECTORY (A/FD)—A
publication of the Federal Aviation Administration
containing information on all airports, seaplane
bases, and heliports open to the public. The A/FD
contains communications data, navigational facilities,
and certain special notices and procedures.
AIRSPACE—See CLASS A, CLASS B, CLASS C,
CLASS D, CLASS E, or CLASS G AIRSPACE.
AIRWORTHINESS—A state in which an aircraft or
component meets the conditions of its type design
and is in a condition for safe operation.
AIRWORTHINESS CERTIFICATE—A certificate
issued by the FAA to aircraft that have been
proven to meet the minimum standards set down
by the Code of Federal Regulations.
ALTIMETER—A flight instrument that indicates
altitude by sensing pressure changes.
AME—See AVIATION MEDICAL EXAMINER.
ANGLE OF ATTACK (AOA)—The acute angle between
the chord line of the airfoil and the direction
of the relative wind.
ANGLE OF INCIDENCE—The angle formed by
the chord line of the wing and a line parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the PPC cart.
ANNUAL INSPECTION—A complete inspection
of an aircraft and engine, required by the Code of
Federal Regulations, to be accomplished every 12
calendar months on all certificated aircraft. Only
an A&P technician holding an Inspection Authorization
can conduct an annual inspection.
G-2
AOA—See ANGLE OF ATTACK.
ARM—The horizontal distance in inches from the
reference datum line to the center of gravity of an
item. Used in weight and loading calculations.
AROW— The mnemonic aid to remember the
certificates and documents required to be onboard
an aircraft to determine airworthiness: Airworthiness
certificate, Registration certificate, Operating
limitations, Weight and balance data.
ASOS—See AUTOMATED SURFACE OBSERVING
SYSTEM.
ASPECT RATIO—Span of a wing divided by its
average chord.
ASYMMETRICAL AIRFOIL—An airfoil section
that is not the same on both sides of the chord line.
ATIS—See AUTOMATIC TERMINAL INFORMATION
SERVICE.
AUTOMATED SURFACE OBSERVING SYSTEM
(ASOS)—Weather reporting system which
provides surface observations every minute via
digitized voice broadcasts and printed reports.
AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVING SYSTEM
(AWOS)—Automated weather reporting system
consisting of various sensors, a processor, a computer-
generated voice subsystem, and a transmitter
to broadcast weather data.
　
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