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your performance and/or your health during flight,
we encourage you to enroll in the Physiological
Training Course offered by the Aeromedical
Education Division (Airman Education Programs)
at the FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute in
Oklahoma City. A similar course is also available at
US military physiological training facilities around the
country through an FAA/DOD Training Agreement.
For more information about any of these courses,
call us at (405) 954-4837.
Medical Facts for Pilots
Publication AM-400-95/2
Written by: J. R. Brown & Melchor J. Antuñano, MD
Prepared by: Federal Aviation Administration
Civil Aerospace Medical Institute
Aeromedical Education Division
To order copies of this brochure and
others listed below, contact
FAA Civil Aerospace Medical Institute
Shipping Clerk, AAM-400
P.O. Box 25082
Oklahoma City, OK 73125
(405) 954-4831
5
Other Pilot Safety Brochures Available
Number Title
AM-400-94/2 Alcohol and Flying: A Deadly
Combination
OK05-0270 Carbon Monoxide: A Deadly Threat
AM-400-03/2 Deep Vein Thrombosis and Travel
AM-400-91/1 Hypoxia: The Higher You Fly, the Less Air...
AM-400-98/3 Hearing and Noise in Aviation
AM-400-97/1 Introduction to Human Factors in
Aviation
AM-400-92/1 Over the Counter Medications and Flying
AM-400-98/2 Pilot Vision
AM-400-95/1 Smoke!
AM-400-00/1 Spatial Disorientation: Visual Illusions
AM-400-03/1 Spatial Disorientation: Why You Shouldn’t
Fly By the Seat of Your Pants
AM-400-01/1 Physiological Training Courses for Civil
Aviation Pilots
AM-400-05/1 Sunglasses for Pilots: Beyond the Image
To view these pilot and passenger safety brochures,
visit the Federal Aviation Administration’s Web Site
www.faa.gov/pilots/safety
Physiological Training Classes for
Pilots
If you are interested in taking a one-day aviation
physiological training course with altitude chamber
and vertigo demonstrations or a one-day survival
course, learn about these courses by visiting this
FAA Web site:
www.faa.gov/pilots/training/airmen_education
Introduction
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is a condition
in which a clot, or thrombus,
typically forms in a deep vein in a
leg. People with a DVT may notice pain and
swelling in the leg where the clot has formed,
though smaller clots may not cause any symptoms.
The major problem occurs when a part of
the clot breaks off and flows to the lungs. This
condition, called a Pulmonary Embolus (PE),
can cause severe injury or death. DVTs are
known to occur in about 1 out of 1000 people
in the general population from all causes.
Traveler’s Thrombosis
The condition has been erroneously dubbed
Economy Class Syndrome by some people because
of the perception that passengers in the
more restrictive coach or economy class of
the aircraft are more likely to develop DVTs.
Recent research, however, has found that
passengers in any seating class of the aircraft
may develop a DVT. Research indicates that
any situation where one’s activity is limited
for long periods – a long automobile drive
or train ride, for instance – may contribute
to a DVT. For this reason, the term Traveler’s
Thrombosis is more appropriate.
Cause
The precise cause of Traveler’s Thrombosis,
while currently not clear, appears to be
related, in part, to long periods of sitting and
inactivity. The decrease in activity may lead
to inadequate circulation of the blood in the
legs. In addition, the veins may be slightly
constricted, which could also impair circulation
in the legs.
Other conditions that alter blood flow or
normal clotting mechanisms may make some
people more likely to develop a DVT. Some of
these risk factors include a prior DVT, certain
heart diseases, cancer, pregnancy, smoking,
older age, and some blood clotting disorders.
Recent major surgery or trauma is also a risk
factor.
Certain medications may also contribute to
formation of the thrombus. Birth control pills
and related hormones have been found to
make some people slightly more susceptible
to forming DVTs.
Symptoms
Not all DVTs cause noticeable symptoms,
but the most common are swelling and redness
in the affected leg, often associated with some
pain in the same area. Severe chest pain or
problems breathing may indicate a pulmonary
embolus and should be evaluated immediately.
Treatment
If you suspect that you may have developed
　
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