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of your body. If the
safety belt is improperly
positioned on your
abdomen, it can cause
internal injuries. If the
safety belt is positioned
on your thighs, rather
than the hipbones, it cannot effectively limit
your body’s forward motion.
Shoulder harness
systems can use dual
shoulder belts or a single
diagonal belt similar to
those used in automobiles.
The belts should
not rub against your head
or neck. This is uncomfortable,
will discourage
use of the shoulder harness,
and can also cause
neck injuries during an
impact.
Single diagonal shoulder
belts should be positioned
so that the torso’s
center of gravity falls
within the angle formed by
the shoulder belt and the
safety belt. Otherwise your
torso may roll right out of
the shoulder belt during an
impact and compromise
your protection.
Because the lower end
of the shoulder belt is usually
fastened to the safety
belt buckle or the buckle
insert, the safety belt buckle
should be positioned on
the side of your hip. This
differs from the central
location of the buckle that
is common when only the
safety belt is used.
Be sure that the safety belt is installed so that
when the buckle is unlatched, both the safety belt
and the shoulder belt are released. Also, be sure
that the buckle can be unlatched without interference
from the seat armrest, aircraft controls, or the
interior wall of the airplane.
If the shoulder harness uses dual belts fastened
to the safety belt near the center of your body, the
shoulder belts will tend to pull the safety belt up
off your hip bones. This could cause internal injuries
in an impact.
When it is
tightened about
your hips, the
safety belt should
be positioned so
that it makes an
angle of about 55
degrees with the
centerline of the
airplane.
This allows it
to resist the upward
pull of the
shoulder belts,
reducing the risk
of internal injury.
Otherwise, a tiedown
strap from the
buckle to the centerforward
edge of the
seat may be necessary
to resist the
upward pull of the
shoulder belts.
If your restraint
system uses a tie-down strap, adjust it to remove
all the slack when the restraint system is used. A
properly installed and adjusted tie-down strap is
completely safe.
DON’T FORGET THE CHILDREN...
For maximum protection and safety, small children
should be placed and secured in approved
“child safety seat” devices during aircraft operation.
Child safety seats must meet current manufacturing
and identification requirements of the
Federal government and be installed and secured
in accordance with these regulations. Install the
safety seat in a rear airplane seat, but not near an
entry door or emergency exit. If you must use a
front airplane seat, make sure that the child seat
cannot interfere with the airplane controls or limit
pilot access to the radios and flight instruments.
Install the child safety seat according to the
instructions on the seat, using the airplane safety
belt to secure it. Most safety seats for small infants
are intended to place the infant in a rear-facing
position and should be installed that way in the
airplane.
Remember to consider the weight of the child
and child safety seat when calculating weight and
balance!
When children outgrow the safety seat, they
can safely get by using only the airplane seat belt.
Their small size limits the chance that they might
make contact with the airplane interior during an
impact. Larger children can use the shoulder harness
if it doesn’t rub on their face or neck when
they are seated.
SUMMARY
u Seat belts alone will protect you only in
minor impacts.
u Using shoulder belts in small aircraft would
reduce major injuries by 88% and fatalities
by 20%.
u Shoulder belt kits are now available for most
airplanes.
u Proper use and installation of child safety
seats, meeting Federal requirements1, provide
good protection for small children in aircraft.
u If improperly installed and used, restraints
could cause injury.
u Restraint systems in small aircraft: a smart
idea!
Medical Facts for Pilots
Publication AM-400-90/2
(Revised May 2004)
Prepared by
Federal Aviation Administration
Civil Aerospace Medical Institute
Aerospace Medical Education Division
　
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