.
Target airspeed must be maintained carefully on final approach.
Note: In all cases, it is the flight crew’s responsibility to adjust descent rate as required to remain at or above recommended altitudes and crossing restrictions.
Approaches Without Constant Rate Descent Guidance
The approach plate provides only basic altitude and distance information. Flight crews may set vertical speed to 700 or 800 down crossing the FAF and then adjust the descent rate as required to meet crossing restrictions and arrive at DDA at the VDP.
The flight crew may also utilize the Constant Rate Descent table to calculate a more precise rate of descent for the approach. This is recommended when higher or lower than normal groundspeeds are expected, and/or when crossing restrictions may require steeper or shallower than normal rates of descent.
Approaches With Constant Rate Descent Guidance
The approach plate contains one or more of the following: Descent angle and rate in Conversion Table Timing from FAF to Descent Point in Conversion Table Steady descending profile line with or without a Descent Point past the FAF DME/Advisory Altitude Table
The flight crew should use the descent rate (for the expected groundspeed) from the Conversion Table and adjust the descent rate as required to meet crossing restrictions and/or the published Advisory Altiltude at each DME fix. If applicable, begin descent from FAF altitude after expiration of published time from FAF to Descent Point (found in the Conversion Table).
Constant Rate Descent Table
Constant Rate Descent (00) Vertical Speed Down Required in Hundreds of Feet Per Minute
Altitude to Descend in Feet Distance From FAF (or stepdown fix) to Threshold in NM
2 nm 3 nm 4 nm 5 nm 6 nm 7 nm
Groundspeed Groundspeed Groundspeed Groundspeed Groundspeed Groundspeed
120 140 160 120 140 160 120 140 160 120 140 160 120 140 160 120 140 160
600 6 7 9 4 5 5
800 8 9 11 5 6 7 4 5 5
1000 7 8 9 5 6 7 4 5 5
1200 8 9 11 6 7 8 5 6 6 4 5 5
1400 7 8 9 6 7 7 5 5 6 4 5 5
1600 8 9 11 6 7 9 5 6 7 5 6 6
1800 7 8 10 6 7 8 5 6 7
2000 8 9 11 7 8 9 6 7 8
2200 7 9 10 6 7 8
2400 8 9 11 7 8 9
2600 7 9 10
2800 8 9 11
Altitude: FAF (or stepdown fix, if applicable) HAT minus 50 feet for TCH. Distance: FAF (or stepdown fix if applicable) to runway threshold.
Example: IAH VOR DME Runway 15L, winds 270/10 Gross weight 126,000 Vref 130 KIAS
From the Approach chart:
Altitude to lose: 1852 feet (1902-50)
Distance traveled: 6 nm (5.3 + .7)
From the speed cards and ATIS (or reported winds): Target airspeed: 135 (Vref of 130 + 5 for winds) Groundspeed: 140 (Target of 135 + 5 for tailwind component)
From the Constant Rate Descent Table: Vertical Speed Down required for Constant Rate Descent: 700 (intersection of the 1800 FT row and the 6 NM @140 groundspeed column)
General
Cross the FAF in final landing configuration and at target airspeed. Set the calculated vertical speed down for the constant rate descent. Adjust descent rate if required to adhere to any crossing restrictions and/or Advisory Altitudes. Monitor verticall position relative to the VDP.
At 100 feet above the DDA, the PM will announce “APPROACHING MINIMUMS”. At the DDA the PM will announce “MINIMUMS”.
Descent below DDA requires visual conditions. Accomplish a missed approach if the required visual conditions (see DA(H)/DDA this section) do not exist, or if the airplane is not in a position to make a safe landing.
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