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illustrate the manner in which the TAWS system displays the terrain. is providing a caution of terrain to be traversed, while
provides an illustration of a warning with an aural and textural advisory (red) to pull up. also illustrates a pilot taking appropriate
action (climb in this case) while illustrates that a hazard is no longer a factor.
3-36
Figure 3-60. A Head-Up Display.
7 7
5 5
5 5
10 10
24 25 26 W
100
90
80
70
60
50
632
CRS
360
HDG
360
VOR2
- - . - NM
GSPD
59 KTS
VOR1
6
- - -
TRACK
00500
29.89 IN
KDVT 25L
ON RWY 36L
2000
1000
14
80
60
4
3
2
1
1
2
34 Figure 3-54. A
Head Up Display on a
Gulfstream.
Before Engine Start
1. Walk-around inspection: Check the condition of all
antennas and check the pitot tube for the presence
of any obstructions and remove the cover. Check
the static ports to be sure they are free from dirt
and obstructions, and ensure there is nothing on the
structure near the ports that would disturb the air
flowing over them.
2. Aircraft records: Confirm that the altimeter and static
system have been checked and found within approved
limits within the past 24 calendar months. Check the
replacement date for the emergency locator transmitter
(ELT) batteries noted in the maintenance record, and
be sure they have been replaced within this time
interval.
3. Preflight paperwork: Check the Airport/Facility
Directory (A/FD) and all Notices to Airmen
(NOTAMs) for the condition and frequencies of all the
navigation aid (NAVAIDs) that are used on the flight.
Handbooks, en route charts, approach charts, computer
and flight log should be appropriate for the departure,
en route, destination, and alternate airports.
4. Radio equipment: Switches off.
5. Suction gauge: Proper markings as applicable if
electronic flight instrumentation is installed.
6. ASI: Proper reading, as applicable. If electronic
flight instrumentation is installed, check emergency
instrument.
7. Attitude indicator: Uncaged, if applicable. If electronic
flight instrumentation is installed, check emergency
system to include its battery as appropriate.
8. Altimeter: Set the current altimeter setting and ensure
that the pointers indicate the elevation of the airport.
9. VSI: Zero indication, as applicable (if electronic flight
instrumentation is installed).
10. Heading indicator: Uncaged, if applicable.
11. Turn coordinator: If applicable, miniature aircraft
level, ball approximately centered (level terrain).
12. Magnetic compass: Full of fluid and the correction
card is in place and current.
13. Clock: Set to the correct time and running.
14. Engine instruments: Proper markings and readings,
as applicable if electronic flight instrumentation is
installed.
15. Deicing and anti-icing equipment: Check availability
and fluid quantity.
16. Alternate static-source valve: Be sure it can be opened
if needed, and that it is fully closed.
3-37
17. Pitot tube heater: Check by watching the ammeter
when it is turned on, or by using the method specified
in the POH/AFM.
After Engine Start
1. When the master switch is turned on, listen to the
gyros as they spin up. Any hesitation or unusual noises
should be investigated before flight.
2. Suction gauge or electrical indicators: Check the
source of power for the gyro instruments. The suction
developed should be appropriate for the instruments
in that particular aircraft. If the gyros are electrically
driven, check the generators and inverters for proper
operation.
3. Magnetic compass: Check the card for freedom of
movement and confirm the bowl is full of fluid.
Determine compass accuracy by comparing the
indicated heading against a known heading (runway
heading) while the airplane is stopped or taxiing
straight. Remote indicating compasses should also be
checked against known headings. Note the compass
card correction for the takeoff runway heading.
4. Heading indicator: Allow 5 minutes after starting
engines for the gyro to spin up. Before taxiing, or
while taxiing straight, set the heading indicator to
correspond with the magnetic compass heading. A
slaved gyrocompass should be checked for slaving
action and its indications compared with those of the
magnetic compass. If an electronic flight instrument
system is installed, consult the flight manual for proper
　
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