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CFMU and EAD systems will facilitate the
access to the information and allow the AIS
Reporting Office (ARO) to offer an integrated
briefing package to the pilots.
Operational effectiveness and financial
competitiveness
To ensure the technical efficiency, operational effectiveness
and financial competitiveness of the EAD
service, three main activities were defined:
❚ Contract with performance and volumebased
payments
Over- and under-performances are identified and
reported through the monthly performance reports,
and allow for a fluctuation of the basic price.
❚ Regular benchmark studies
In 2002, prior to the commencement of EAD operations,
a benchmarking exercise was conducted.
Within the existing constraints, this benchmark
showed that the EAD service could be considered
economically feasible.
In 2006, after four years of activity, to ensure that the
service is provided in an efficient manner and in
competitive financial conditions, a second benchmark
study is planned.
❚ Open call-for-tender process
Every five years, the contract for service provision
must be renewed. This tendering process will begin
in January 2006 to allow the signing of a new fiveyear
contract by June 2008.
POISED FOR THE FUTURE
In addition to refining its own processes, the CFMU will
continuously adapt its systems and technologies in order
to allow the smooth integration of its services within the
developing, collaborative ATM environment.
Over the last three years it has become increasingly more
difficult to achieve capacity improvements. Therefore, in
order to cope with the predicted doubling of traffic in
European airspace by 2020, a significant breakthrough
will be required both in terms of systems innovation and
collaboration initiatives with the ATFCM community.
The development of the centralised pan-European ATM
function by the CFMU both in the context of DMEAN and
SESAR will be instrumental in this respect.
68
MULTILATERAL SYSTEM
Following the global downturn affecting the air
transport industry since 2001, 2005 showed signs
of progressive recovery. The number of IFR flights,
distances and number of service units increased
by 4.2%, 6.0% and 6.0% respectively in 2005 compared
to 2004 figures in the airspace of the participating
States.
Flight messages processed and
distances flown
Over 8.98 million flight messages (IFR flights only)
were processed in 2005, an increase of 4.2% over
2004.
The number of kilometres flown in the airspace of
the Member States for which route charges were
calculated was 7.62 billion kilometres, 6.0% more
than for 2004.
Unit cost per kilometre
(long-term series – deflated costs)
The graph below shows the unit cost per kilometre
of the en-route services provided to users in the
airspace of the States participating in 1982:
Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal (Lisbon and
Santa Maria), Spain (Continental and Canaries),
Switzerland and the United Kingdom. These
eleven States accounted for 71% of EUROCONTROL
route charges in 2005.
Costs are actual between 1982 and 2004 and forecast
for 2005 and 2006.
The EUROCONTROL Member States established
the Central Route Charges Office (CRCO) to operate,
on their behalf, a harmonised, regional enroute
charges system. This system contributes to
the funding of the European air traffic management
(ATM) system whilst at the same time facilitating
consultation with the airspace users.
The CRCO’s mission is to provide its stakeholders
with an efficient cost-recovery system that funds
air navigation facilities and services and supports
ATM developments. The strategy pursued to
achieve this mission is sustainable growth embracing
four objectives:
❚ integration with the EUROCONTROL strategy;
❚ guidance for the system’s stakeholders in the
reassessment of the principles;
❚ enhancement of the quality of the services provided;
❚ reduction of the administrative unit rate.
The CRCO also provides additional services to
Member States, including the calculation, billing
and collection of terminal charges. Non-EUROCONTROL
States can also benefit from the its
expertise on a bilateral basis.
In 2005, 32 States participated to the EUROCONTROL
route charges system.
Central Route Charges Office
“Funding sustainable growth”
69
Over the last 20 years, there has been a cyclical
pattern to unit cost per kilometre, with peaks in
　
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本文鏈接地址：EUROCONTROL Annual Report 2005(35)