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of an American Airlines fl ight from Paris via
computer commands and messages broadcast
across the Aeronautical Telecommunications
Network.
Indeed, 2001 was a busy year for the
organisation with the height that aircraft at
high fl ight levels could fl y above or below
each other being halved. This process,
known as Reduced Vertical Separation
Minima, enabled the creation of six extra
fl ight levels for aircraft and was a fundamental
step in increasing capacity in Europe’s
airspace. Aguado’s fi nal achievement was to
facilitate the European Community’s membership
of the EUROCONTROL organisation
in October 2002. This event was an important
step towards EUROCONTROL’s goal of
creating a Single European Sky.
Aguado handed over the baton to David
McMillan in 2008. McMillan brings signifi -
cant experience of European ATM issues
from his previous post as the United Kingdom’s
DG of Civil Aviation at the Department
of Transport. He comes at a particularly challenging
time for the organisation and will be
essential in preparing the organisation for
the future towards the Single European Sky
as he drives the ongoing process of change,
modernisation and clarifi cation with vision
and enthusiasm.
David McMillan
arrived at a
particularly
challenging
time for the
organisation
Yves Lambert (1994-2000)
Victor Aguado (2001-2007)
David McMillan (2008-present)
Keith Mack (1989-1993)
􀀫􀀯 􀀼􀁌􀁉􀁆􀀺􀁆􀁅􀁋􀁉􀁆􀁃􀀗􀁘􀁫􀀗􀀬􀀧
􀀤􀀟􀀁􀁈􀀴􀀰􀁁􀁂􀀁􀀾􀀵􀀁􀀸􀀽􀀽􀀾􀁅􀀰􀁃􀀸􀀾􀀽

The 1960s
Jeff Apter outlines how the 1960s saw the birth of
EUROCONTROL and the creation of institutions fundamental
in developing today’s airspace management system
􀀬􀀧 􀀼􀁌􀁉􀁆􀀺􀁆􀁅􀁋􀁉􀁆􀁃􀀗􀁘􀁫􀀗􀀬􀀧
􀀤􀀟􀀁􀁈􀀴􀀰􀁁􀁂􀀁􀀾􀀵􀀁􀀸􀀽􀀽􀀾􀁅􀀰􀁃􀀸􀀾􀀽
􀀗
THE RECONSTRUCTION AND consolidation
of economies after the Second World
War was boosted in the late 1950s when the
commercial jet aircraft market literally took
off and began a trend that, despite crises and
setbacks, transformed aviation into the dynamic
and ongoing mass activity it is today.
The deep-ranging changes in society in
the 1960s revolutionised the aviation sector
and it was in these circumstances that
EUROCONTROL was set up to maintain and
enhance safety in air navigation and face the
sector’s new and ongoing challenges. Half
a century later, EUROCONTROL has grown
from its six founding nations to 38 countries.
Fifty years ago, EUROCONTROL was
established to assume responsibility for
upper airspace in Europe. The original aim of
EUROCONTROL was to achieve the complete
integration of air traffi c services and plans
were laid to set up three international air
traffi c control centres to operate in the upper
airspace. But in the1970s, reservations were
expressed on the international convention
creating EUROCONTROL, as most European
countries were reluctant to relinquish the level
of sovereignty over their own airspace that
the new organisation required for integration
– the original idea governing its creation. Nevertheless,
as the Agency established itself and
expanded, the aim to work towards safety,
effi ciency and harmony in the European
skies remained the same, although the focus
shifted from integration to cooperation.
Founder members
The idea for establishing EUROCONTROL
was fi rst proposed during the fourth International
Civil Aviation Organization Eumed
Region air navigation meeting at Geneva in
January 1958 by West Germany, Belgium,
France, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
Only Italy was missing from the six countries
that on 25 March 1957 had signed the
Treaty of Rome, establishing the European
Common Market, the forerunner of today’s
The original aim
of EUROCONTROL
was to achieve
the complete
integration of air
traffi c services
　
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本文鏈接地址：Reaching for the Single European Sky(53)