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網曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者
to increase safety across Europe’s airspace
THE EUROPEAN AIR Traffi c Management
(ATM) Master Plan calls for a 10-fold increase
in safety levels by 2025. A strong safety
framework is essential for the development
of Europe’s Single European Sky ATM Research
(SESAR) modernisation programme
and requires all stakeholders to participate
in safety activities. The biggest challenge
for safety is traffi c growth because when
traffi c doubles, risk is squared. And traffi c is
forecast to continue growing – despite the
economic crisis – and will potentially double
present levels by 2030. Happily, Europe
pursues a rigorous safety programme and
recorded its safest year on record in 2008,
despite an all-time annual record of more
than 10 million fl ights. However, maintaining
this performance is the challenge now
facing the safety experts.
From SSAP to ESP Plus
The EUROCONTROL Provisional Council
launched the Strategic Safety Action Plan
(SSAP) in the aftermath of two fatal accidents,
in Italy and Germany, during 2001
and 2002. SSAP focused on high-priority
areas including runway safety, ground-based
safety nets, incident reporting and enforcement
of EUROCONTROL Safety Regulatory
Requirements (ESARRs).
ESARRs identifi ed a shortage of safety-related
resources that, in turn, led to improved
training, strengthened regulatory measures
and greater focus on safety procedures, such
as incident reporting data-sharing. Most
importantly, it encouraged air navigation
service providers (ANSPs) to implement
Safety Management Systems, and required
Member States of the European Civil Aviation
Conference to establish a safety regulation
framework.
In 2006, EUROCONTROL launched a successor
to SSAP, called the European Safety
Programme (ESP) for ATM, aimed at more
proactive measures to enhance safety in
the region. ESP continued the improvements
started by the SSAP, accompanied by
reporting mechanisms and monitoring programmes.
By the end of 2008, the ESP had
secured the development of pan-European
safety management and safety regulatory
measures. The subsequent increase in safety
maturity for both service providers and
safety regulators was unprecedented. The
introduction of annual ATM safety maturity
surveys provided the fi rst real evidence that
states were embracing safety in a major way.
Over the seven years since EUROCONTROL
began conducting safety surveys, the average
maturity of safety frameworks improved
from 55 per cent to 82 per cent for ANSPs,
and from 53 per cent to 76 per cent for ATM
state regulators. Both have exceeded the
ESP target of 70 per cent and continue to improve.
EUROCONTROL manager of safety and
human factors, Tony Licu, says it is diffi cult
to get complete adoption of a safety culture,
whereas compliance with safety procedures
is more achievable: “However, if we want to
reach the big safety target set by SESAR, it is
not enough to be regulatory compliant. At 60
to 80 per cent you are adopting best practice,
and between 80 to 100 per cent you are actually
setting industry-best targets.”
In order to maintain the momentum created
by ESP, EUROCONTROL launched the
ESP Plus programme at the start of 2010.
ESP Plus provides a safety structure to match
Photo: Fraport AG
the targets of the European Commission’s
Single European Sky II package (SES II). It
introduces new benchmarks that extend
beyond the regulatory framework to include,
for example, operations and engineering
activities. The programme is due to deliver
tangible results by the end of 2014, and
anticipates the transition of SESAR from
development to deployment phase. As with
its predecessors, it has been conceived in
partnership with numerous stakeholders
including the Civil Air Navigation Services
Organisation (CANSO) and the International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
Providing on-site support
ESP Plus is less about introducing new ideas,
more about embedding best practices
throughout the system. One way the new
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Reaching for the Single European Sky(77)
