The diagram overleaf demonstrates the ideal flight path given the constraint of maintaining given cruising altitudes :

Maximum altitude Optimum altitude +
A/C flight path
alt -
+ Gross weight -
The FMGS PROG page gives an optimum altitude and a recommended maximum altitude. Recommended maximum altitude is limited to FL 390. Selecting a cruise altitude not more than 2000 ft above optimum will maintain fuel efficiency and a sensible maneuver margin.
QRH 4.08 provides graphs for use in flight to determine maximum altitudes.

06 - COMPLETION STANDARDS
.
Correctly determines optimum cruising altitude.

.
Maintains cruise altitude +/-100 ft and speed +/-10 kts or +/-0.01Mach.

.
Adjusts cruise parameters according to flight circumstances.

07 - COMMON ERRORS
.
Atmospheric influence not taken into account.

.
Speed/Mach change not considered to improve fuel economy.

.
Wrong cruise altitude in PROG page

.  
To carry out a complete and comprehensive preparation for descent and approach.

.  
To carry out a crew briefing, in a timely manner, covering all aspects of the descent and approach.

A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL  NORMAL OPERATION BRIEFINGS CRUISE MANAGEMENT  1.02.15  Page 4 
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A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL  NORMAL OPERATION BRIEFINGS DESCENT AND APPROACH - PREPARATION AND BRIEFING - 1.02.16  Page 1 
REV 21  MAY 98 

02 - SCHEDULE
Briefing duration : 15 minutes
03 - EQUIPMENT
.  
FMGS Freeplay Trainer

DOC references :

.  
QRH 3.05 (Task sharing)

.  
QRH 4.10 (Descent Data)

.  
FCOM 3.03.16 (Standard Procedures)

.  
FCOM 4.05.60 (FMGS Procedures)

.  
Briefing note - Performance (Climb and descent)

04 - INSTRUCTOR’S ACTIONS
Briefing of the following key points.
MAIN
.  
Descent and approach preparation carried out in good time before top of descent.

.  
Procedure for data entry into MCDU must be methodical.

.  
All data entries cross-checked by other crew member.

.  
Briefing conducted with maximum use of EFIS and MCDU displayed data.

.  
Navigation accuracy and Minimum Enroute Altitude (MEA) check before beginning descent.

SECONDARY
A319/A320/A321 FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL  NORMAL OPERATION BRIEFINGS DESCENT AND APPROACH - PREPARATION AND BRIEFING - 1.02.16  Page 2 
REV 21  MAY 98 

At a suitable time prior to descent, the PNF should obtain the latest destination airport
weather. Other pertinent information such as runway in use, its condition, and airport
NOTAMS should be obtained at this time.

The FMGS should then be programmed using the most up to date information, following the FPRS format :
F - Flight plan modifications (check that TOD is at a reasonable position) P - Performance descent winds, destination airfield weather and landing flap selection R - Radio aid selection, tuning, and course selection S - Secondary flight plan to cover contingencies e.g. runway change
The fuel predictions (fuel at destination, alternate and extra fuel) on the FUEL PRED page will only be accurate if the F-PLN is constructed correctly in terms of arrival routing, go-around routing and route to alternate.
The descent and approach briefing should be given at a time of low workload so that both pilots may concentrate on its content. Approximately ten minutes before the start of descent point, the brief should be begun, allowing time to complete a thorough brief. Use the EFIS and MCDU to brief routes and procedures. (Items to be covered are listed in FCOM 3.03.16 [SOPs - Descent Preparation]). As for the before take-off briefing, it is important that actual conditions are briefed rather than merely repeating a standard brief.
　
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