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allows the glider’s flight path to coincide with the towplane’s
flight path. [Figure 7-7]
If the glider’s bank is steeper than the towplane’s bank,
the glider’s turn radius is smaller than the towplane’s
turn radius. [Figure 7-8 on page 7-8] If this occurs, the
reduced tension on the towrope causes it to bow and
slack, allowing the glider’s airspeed to slow. As a
High Tow Position
Low Tow Position
Wake
Wake
Figure 7-6. Aerotow climb-out.
During a turn, the glider
flies the same path through
the air that the towplane flew.
Figure 7-7. Aerotow climbing turns.
7-8
result, the glider begins to sink, relative to the towplane.
The correct course of action is to reduce the
glider’s bank angle so the glider flies the same radius
of turn as the towplane. If timely corrective action is
not taken, and if the glider slows and sinks below the
towplane, the towplane may rapidly pull the towrope
taut and possibly cause it to fail and/or cause structural
damage to both aircraft.
If the glider’s bank is shallower than the towplane, the
glider’s turn radius is larger than the towplane’s turn
radius. [Figure 7-9] If this occurs, the increased tension
on the towrope causes the glider to accelerate and
climb. The correct course of action to take when the
glider is turning outside the towplane radius of turn is
to increase the glider’s bank angle, so the glider eases
back into position behind the towplane and flies the
same radius of turn as the towplane. If timely corrective
action is not taken, and if the glider accelerates
and climbs above the towplane, the towplane may lose
rudder and elevator control. In this situation, the glider
pilot should release the towrope and turn to avoid the
towplane.
COMMON ERRORS
• Faulty procedures maintaining vertical and
lateral positions during high and/or low tow.
• Inadvertent entry into towplane wake.
• Failure to maintain glider alignment during
turns on aerotow.
AEROTOW RELEASE
Standard aerotow release procedures provide safety
benefits for both the glider pilot and the towpilot.
When the aerotow has reached a predetermined altitude,
the glider pilot should clear the area for other
aircraft in all directions, especially to the right. When
ready to release, the glider pilot should pull the
release handle, and visually confirm that towrope has
released from the glider as shown in Figure 7-10, item
1. Next, bank to the right, accomplishing 90° of heading
change, then level the wings and fly straight,
away from the release point. [Item 2] This 90° change
of heading achieves maximum separation between
towplane and glider in minimum time. After confirming
that the glider has released and has turned away
from the towplane, the towpilot should turn left away
from the release point. [Item 3] Once clear of the
glider and other aircraft, the towpilot then begins a
descent.
COMMON ERRORS
• Lack of proper tension on towrope.
• Failure to clear the area prior to release.
• Failure to make turn in proper direction after
release.
• Release in close proximity of other aircraft.
AEROTOW ABNORMAL PROCEDURES
Mechanical equipment failure, environmental factors,
and pilot errors can cause abnormal aerotow occurrences
during climb-out.
Glider turns toward outside of
towplane turn. towline tension
increases causing glider to
accelerate and climb.
Figure 7-9. Glider bank too shallow, causing turn outside
towplane turn.
Glider turns toward inside of
towplane turn. Glider
slows, slack towline develops.
Figure 7-8. Aerotow induced slack towline by turning inside
towplane.
7-9
Mechanical equipment failures can be caused by
towrope and towhook failures, towplane mechanical
failures, and/or glider mechanical failures. Towrope
failure (one that breaks unexpectedly) can result from
using an under-strength or worn towrope. Towrope
failures can be avoided by using appropriately rated
towrope material, weak links when necessary, proper
towrings, and proper towrope maintenance.
Towhook system failures include uncommanded
towrope releases or the inability to release. These failures
can occur in either the towplane or the glider
towhook system. Proper preflight and maintenance of
these systems should help to avoid these types of failures.
Towplane mechanical failures can involve the
powerplant and/or flight control. When the towpilot
encounters a mechanical failure, he or she should signal
　
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