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approach, the longitudinal axis of the glider must be
aligned with the runway just prior to touchdown so the
glider touches down headed in the direction in which it
is moving. This requires timely action to discontinue
the slip and align the glider’s longitudinal axis with its
direction of travel over the ground well before the
instant of touchdown. Failure to accomplish this
imposes severe sideloads on the landing gear and
imparts violent ground looping tendencies.
Discontinuing the slip is accomplished by leveling the
wings and simultaneously releasing the rudder pressure
while readjusting the pitch attitude to the normal
glide attitude. If the pressure on the rudder is released
abruptly, the nose will swing too quickly into line and
the glider will tend to acquire excess airspeed.
Because of the location of the pitot tube and static
vents, airspeed indicators in some gliders may have
considerable error when the glider is in a slip. The pilot
must be aware of this possibility and recognize a properly
performed slip by the attitude of the glider, the
sound of the airflow, and the feel of the flight controls.
A sideslip, [Figure 7-34] as distinguished from a forward
slip, is one during which the glider’s longitudinal
axis remains parallel to the original flight path, but
in which the flight path changes direction according to
the steepness of the bank. The sideslip is important in
counteracting wind drift during crosswind landings
and is discussed in crosswind landing section of this
chapter.
Figure 7-33. Forward slip. Figure 7-34. Side slip.
AFTER-LANDING AND SECURING
After landing, move or taxi the glider clear of all runways.
If the glider is to be parked for a short interval
between flights, choose a spot that does not inconvenience
other gliderport/airport users. Protect the glider
from wind by securing a wingtip with a weight or by
tying it down. Consult the manufacturer’s handbook
for the recommended methods for securing the glider.
Remember that even light winds can cause gliders to
move about, turn sideways, or cause the higher wing
in a parked glider to slam down onto the ground.
Because gliders are particularly vulnerable to wind
effects, the glider should be secured any time it is unattended.
When the glider is done flying for the day, move it to
the tiedown area. Secure the glider in accordance with
the recommendation in the GFM/POH. The tiedown
anchors should be strong and secure. Apply external
control locks to the glider flight control surfaces.
Control locks should be large, well marked, and
brightly painted. If a cover is used to protect the pitot
tube, the cover should be large and brightly colored. If
a canopy cover is used, secure it so that the canopy
cover does not scuff the canopy in windy conditions.
If the glider is stored in a hangar, be careful while
moving the glider to avoid damaging it or other aircraft
in the hangar. Chock the main wheel and tailwheel
of the glider when it is in position in the hangar.
If stored in a wings-level position, put a wing stand
under each wingtip. If stored with one wing high,
place a weight on the lowered wing to hold it down.
If the glider is to be disassembled and stored in a
trailer, tow the glider to the trailer area and align the
fuselage with the long axis of the trailer. Collect all
tools, dollies, and jigs required to disassemble and
stow the glider. Secure the trailer so that loading the
glider aboard does not move or upset the trailer or
trailer doors. Follow the disassembly checklist in the
GFM/POH. Stow the glider components securely in
the trailer. When the glider has been stowed and
secured, collect all tools and stow them properly.
Close trailer doors and hatches. Secure the trailer
against wind and weather by tying it down properly.
7-38
COMMON ERRORS
• Improper glide path control.
• Improper use of slips.
• Improper airspeed control.
• Improper correction for crosswind.
• Improper procedure for touchdown/landing.
• Poor directional control during/after landing.
• Improper use of brakes.
DOWNWIND LANDINGS
Downwind landings present special hazards and should
be avoided when an into-the-wind landing is available.
However, factors such as gliderport/airport layout,
presence of insurmountable obstacles, such as high terrain
at one end of the runway, runway slope or grade,
or a launch failure at low altitude can require you to
make a downwind landing. The pilot must use the normal
approach airspeed during a downwind landing.
　
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本文鏈接地址：Glider Flying Handbook(85)