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navigational system. Due to the different levels of
performance, area navigational capabilities can
satisfy different levels of required navigation
performance (RNP).
22.2 RNAV Operations Incorporating RNP
22.2.1 During the past four decades, domestic and
international air navigation have been conducted
using a system of airways and instrument procedures
based upon ground−based navigational systems such
as NDB, VOR, and ILS. Reliance on ground−based
navigational systems has served the aviation
community well, but often results in less than optimal
routes or instrument procedures and an inefficient use
of airspace. With the widespread deployment of
RNAV systems and the advent of GPS−based
navigation, greater flexibility in defining routes,
procedures, and airspace design is now possible with
an associated increase in flight safety. To capitalize
on the potential of RNAV systems, both the FAA and
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) are
affecting a shift toward a new standard of navigation
and airspace management called RNP.
22.2.2 Navigational systems are typically described
as being sensor specific, such as a VOR or ILS
system. By specifying airspace requirements as RNP,
various navigation systems or combination of
systems may be used as long as the aircraft can
achieve the RNP. RNP is intended to provide a single
performance standard that can be used and applied by
aircraft and aircraft equipment manufacturers,
airspace planners, aircraft certification and operations,
pilots and controllers, and international
aviation authorities. RNP can be applied to obstacle
clearance or aircraft separation requirements to
ensure a consistent application level.
22.2.3 ICAO has defined RNP values for the four
typical navigation phases of flight: oceanic, en route,
terminal, and approach. The RNP applicable to a
selected airspace, route, or procedure is designated by
it’s RNP Level or Type. As defined in the
Pilot/Controller Glossary, the RNP Level or Type is
a value typically expressed as a distance, in nautical
miles, from the procedure, route or path within which
an aircraft would typically operate. RNP applications
also provide performance to protect against larger
errors at some multiple of RNP level (e.g., twice the
RNP level).
31 JULY 08
ENR 4.1−40 AIP
15 MAR 07 United States of America
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
22.3 Standard RNP Levels
22.3.1 U.S. standard values supporting typical RNP
airspace are as specified in TBL ENR 4.1−6 below.
Other RNP levels as identified by ICAO, other states
and the FAA may also be used.
TBL ENR 4.1−6
U.S. Standard RNP Levels
RNP Level Typical Application
.3 Approach
1 Departure, Terminal
2 En Route
22.3.1.1 Application of Standard RNP Levels.
U.S. standard levels of RNP typically used for
various routes and procedures supporting RNAV
operations may be based on use of a specific
navigational system or sensor such as GPS, or on
multi−sensor RNAV systems having suitable performance.
New RNAV routes and procedures will be
FAA’s first public use procedures to include a
specified RNP level. These procedures are being
developed based on earth referenced navigation and
do not rely on conventional ground−based navigational
aids. Unless otherwise noted on affected charts
or procedures, depiction of a specified RNP level will
not preclude the use of other airborne RNAV
navigational systems.
22.3.1.2 Depiction of Standard RNP Levels. The
applicable RNP level will be depicted on affected
charts and procedures. For example, an RNAV
departure procedure may contain a notation referring
to eligible aircraft by equipment suffix and a phrase
“or RNP−1.0.” A typical RNAV approach procedure
may include a notation referring to eligible aircraft by
specific navigation sensor(s), equipment suffix, and
a phrase “or RNP−0.3.” Specific guidelines for the
depiction of RNP levels will be provided through
chart bulletins and accompany affected charting
changes.
22.4 Aircraft and Airborne Equipment Eligibility
for RNP Operations. Aircraft meeting RNP
criteria will have an appropriate entry including
special conditions and limitations, if any, in its
Aircraft/Rotorcraft Flight Manual (AFM), or supplement.
RNAV installations with AFM−RNP
certification based on GPS or systems integrating
GPS are considered to meet U.S. standard RNP levels
　
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