AIP ENR 5.2−1
United States of America 15 MAR 07
Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
ENR 5.2 Military Exercise
and Training Areas
1. Military Operations Area (MOA)
1.1MOAs consist of airspace of defined vertical and
lateral limits established for the purpose of separating
certain military training activities from IFR traffic.
Whenever a MOA is being used, nonparticipating
IFR traffic may be cleared through a MOA if IFR
separation can be provided by ATC. Otherwise, ATC
will reroute or restrict nonparticipating IFR traffic.
1.2Examples of activities conducted in MOAs
include, but are not limited to: air combat tactics, air
intercepts, aerobatics, formation training, and
low−altitude tactics. Military pilots flying in an active
MOA are exempted from the provisions of 14CFR
Section 91.303(c) and (d) which prohibits aerobatic
flight within Class D and Class E surface areas, and
within Federal airways. Additionally, the Department
of Defense has been issued an authorization to
operate aircraft at indicated airspeeds in excess of
250knots below 10,000 feet MSL within active
MOAs.
1.3Pilots operating under VFR should exercise
extreme caution while flying within a MOA when
military activity is being conducted. The activity
status (active/inactive) of MOAs may change
frequently. Therefore, pilots should contact any FSS
within 100 miles of the area to obtain accurate
real−time information concerning the MOA hours of
operation. Prior to entering an active MOA, pilots
should contact the controlling agency for traffic
advisories.
1.4MOAs are depicted on Sectional, VFR Terminal
Area, and En Route Low Altitude Charts.
2. Alert Areas
2.1Alert Areas are depicted on aeronautical charts to
inform nonparticipating pilots of areas that may
contain a high volume of pilot training or an unusual
type of aerial activity. Pilots should be particularly
alert when flying in these areas. All activity within an
Alert Area shall be conducted in accordance with
FAA regulations, without waiver, and pilots of
participating aircraft as well as pilots transiting the
area shall be equally responsible for collision
avoidance.
3. Controlled Firing Area (CFA)
3.1CFAs contain activities which, if not conducted
in a controlled environment, could be hazardous to
nonparticipating aircraft. The distinguishing feature
of the CFA, as compared to other special use airspace,
is that its activities are suspended immediately when
spotter aircraft, radar, or ground lookout positions
indicate an aircraft might be approaching the area.
There is no need to chart CFAs since they do not cause
a nonparticipating aircraft to change its flight path.
4. Military Training Route (MTR)
4.1National security depends largely on the
deterrent effect of our airborne military forces. To be
proficient, the military services must train in a wide
range of airborne tactics. One phase of this training
involves low level" combat tactics. The required
maneuvers and high speeds are such that they may
occasionally make the see−and−avoid aspect of VFR
flight more difficult without increased vigilance in
areas containing such operations. In an effort to
ensure the greatest practical level of safety for all
flight operations, the MTR program was conceived.
4.2The MTR program is a joint venture by the FAA
and the DOD. MTRs are mutually developed for use
by the military for the purpose of conducting
low−altitude, high−speed training. The routes above
1,500 feet above ground level (AGL) are developed
to be flown, to the maximum extent possible, under
IFR. The routes at 1,500 feet AGL and below are
generally developed to be flown under VFR.
4.3Generally, MTRs are established below
10,000feet MSL for operations at speeds in excess of
250 knots. However, route segments may be defined
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