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nonparticipating pilots of the potential danger. A
warning area may be located over domestic or
international waters or both.
2. Other Airspace Areas
2.1National Security Area (NSA)
2.1.1National Security Areas consist of airspace of
defined vertical and lateral dimensions established at
locations where there is a requirement for increased
security and safety of ground facilities. Pilots are
requested to voluntarily avoid flying through the
depicted NSA. When it is necessary to provide a
greater level of security and safety, flight in NSAs
may be temporarily prohibited by regulation under
the provisions of 14CFR Section 99.7. Regulatory
prohibitions will be issued by System Operations,
System Operations Airspace and AIM Office,
Airspace and Rules, and disseminated via NOTAM.
Inquiries about NSAs should be directed to Airspace
and Rules.
2.2Temporary Flight Restrictions
2.2.1General.This paragraph describes the types
of conditions under which the FAA may impose
temporary flight restrictions. It also explains which
FAA elements have been delegated authority to issue
a temporary flight restrictions NOTAM and lists the
types of responsible agencies/offices from which the
FAA will accept requests to establish temporary
flight restrictions. The 14 CFR is explicit as to what
operations are prohibited, restricted, or allowed in a
temporary flight restrictions area. Pilots are responsible
to comply with 14 CFR Sections 91.137, 91.138,
91.141, and 91.143 when conducting flight in an area
where a temporary flight restrictions area is in effect,
and should check appropriate NOTAMs during flight
planning.
2.2.2The purpose for establishing a temporary
flight restrictions area is to:
2.2.2.1Protect persons and property in the air or on
the surface from an existing or imminent hazard
associated with an incident on the surface when the
presence of low−flying aircraft would magnify, alter,
spread, or compound that hazard (14 CFR
Section91.137(a)(1)).
2.2.2.2Provide a safe environment for the operation
of disaster relief aircraft (14 CFR Section
91.137(a)(2)).
2.2.2.3Prevent an unsafe congestion of sightseeing
aircraft above an incident or event which may
generate a high degree of public interest (14 CFR
Section91.137(a)(3)).
2.2.2.4Protect declared national disasters for
humanitarian reasons in the State of Hawaii (14CFR
Section91.138).
2.2.2.5Protect the President, Vice President, or other
public figures (14 CFR Section 91.141).
2.2.2.6Provide a safe environment for space agency
operations (14 CFR Section 91.143).
2.2.3Except for hijacking situations, when the
provisions of 14 CFR Section 91.137(a)(1) or (a)(2)
are necessary, a temporary flight restrictions area will
only be established by or through the area manager at
the Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)
having jurisdiction over the area concerned. A
temporary flight restrictions NOTAM involving the
conditions of 14CFR Section 91.137(a)(3) will be
issued at the direction of the service area office
director having oversight of the airspace concerned.
When hijacking situations are involved, a temporary
flight restrictions area will be implemented through
the TSA Aviation Command Center. The appropriate
FAA air traffic element, upon receipt of such a
request, will establish a temporary flight restrictions
area under 14CFR Section91.137(a)(1).
2.2.4The FAA accepts recommendations for the
establishment of a temporary flight restrictions area
under 14 CFR Section 91.137(a)(1) from military
major command headquarters, regional directors of
the Office of Emergency Planning, Civil Defense
State Directors, State Governors, or other similar
authority. For the situations involving 14 CFR
Section 91.137(a)(2), the FAA accepts recommendations
from military commanders serving as regional,
subregional, or Search and Rescue (SAR) coordinators;
by military commanders directing or coordinating
air operations associated with disaster relief; or by
civil authorities directing or coordinating organized
relief air operations (includes representatives of the
Office of Emergency Planning, U.S. Forest Service,
and State aeronautical agencies). Appropriate
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Federal Aviation Administration Nineteenth Edition
authorities for a temporary flight restrictions
establishment under 14 CFR Section91.137(a)(3)
are any of those listed above or by State, county, or
city government entities.
　
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