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stand with his back to the wind and his arms raised
over his head (flashlights in each hand for night
operations.)
3.8.2The pilot will confirm the LZ sighting by radio.
If possible, once the pilot has identified the LZ, the
ground guide should move out of the LZ.
3.8.3As the helicopter turns into the wind and begins
a descent, the LZ coordinator should provide
assistance by means of radio contact, or utilize the
unsafe signal" to wave off the helicopter if the LZ is
not safe (see FIG ENR 6.2−8). The LZ Coordinator
should be far enough from the touchdown area that
he/she can still maintain visual contact with the pilot.
3.9Assisting the Crew
3.9.1After the helicopter has landed, do not
approach the helicopter. The crew will approach you.
3.9.2Be prepared to assist the crew by providing
security for the helicopter. If asked to provide
security, allow no one but the crew to approach the
aircraft.
3.9.3Once the patient is prepared and ready to load,
allow the crew to open the doors to the helicopter and
guide the loading of the patient.
3.9.4When approaching or departing the helicopter,
always be aware of the tail rotor and always follow
the directions of the crew. Working around a running
helicopter can be potentially dangerous. The
environment is very noisy and, with exhaust gases
and rotor wash, often windy. In scene operations, the
surface may be uneven, soft, or slippery which can
lead to tripping. Be very careful of your footing in this
environment.
3.9.5The tail rotor poses a special threat to working
around a running helicopter. The tail rotor turns many
times faster than the main rotor, and is often invisible
even at idle engine power. Avoid walking towards the
tail of a helicopter beyond the end of the cabin, unless
specifically directed by the crew.
NOTE−
Helicopters typically have doors on the sides of the cabin,
but many use aft mounted clamshell" type doors for
loading and unloading patients on litters or stretchers.
When using these doors, it is important to avoid moving any
further aft than necessary to operate the doors and
load/unload the patient. Again, always comply with the
crew’s instructions.
3.10General Rules
3.10.1When working around helicopters, always
approach and depart from the front, never from the
rear. Approaching from the rear can increase your risk
of being struck by the tail rotor, which, when at
operating engine speed, is nearly invisible.
3.10.2To prevent injury or damage from the main
rotor, never raise anything over your head.
3.10.3If the helicopter landed on a slope, approach
and depart from the down slope side only.
ENR 6.2−16 AIP
15 MAR 07 United States of America
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
3.10.4When the helicopter is loaded and ready for
take off, keep the departure path free of vehicles and
spectators. In an emergency, this area is needed to
execute a landing.
3.11Hazardous Chemicals and Gases
3.11.1Responding to accidents involving hazardous
materials requires special handling by fire/rescue
units on the ground. Equally important are the
preparations and considerations for helicopter
operations in these areas.
3.11.2Hazardous materials of concern are those
which are toxic, poisonous, flammable, explosive,
irritating, or radioactive in nature. Helicopter
ambulance crews normally don’t carry protective
suits or breathing apparatuses to protect them from
hazardous materials.
3.11.3The helicopter ambulance crew must be told
of hazardous materials on the scene in order to avoid
the contamination of the crew. Patients/victims
contaminated by hazardous materials may require
special precautions in packaging before loading on
the aircraft for the medical crew’s protection, or may
be transported by other means.
3.11.4Hazardous chemicals and gases may be fatal
to the unprotected person if inhaled or absorbed
through the skin.
3.11.5Upon initial radio contact, the helicopter crew
must be made aware of any hazardous gases in the
area. Never assume that the crew has already been
informed. If the aircraft were to fly through the
hazardous gases, the crew could be poisoned and/or
the engines could develop mechanical problems.
3.11.6Poisonous or irritating gases may cling to a
victim’s clothing and go unnoticed until the patient is
loaded and the doors of the helicopter are closed. To
avoid possible compromise of the crew, all of these
patients must be decontaminated prior to loading.
　
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