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providing a group of tiny corona points to permit
onset of corona−current flow at a low aircraft
potential. Additionally, aerodynamic design of
dischargers to permit corona to occur at the lowest
possible atmospheric pressure also lowers the corona
threshold. In addition to permitting a low potential
discharge, the discharger will minimize the radiation
of radio frequency (RF) energy which accompanies
the corona discharge, in order to minimize effects of
RF components at communications and navigation
31 JULY 08
ENR 5.7−10 AIP
15 MAR 07 United States of America
Nineteenth Edition Federal Aviation Administration
frequencies on avionics performance. These effects
are reduced through resistive attachment of the
corona point(s) to the airframe, preserving direct
current connection but attenuating the higher
frequency components of the discharge.
12.7 Each manufacturer of static dischargers offers
information concerning appropriate discharger location
on specific airframes. Such locations emphasize
the trailing outboard surfaces of wings and horizontal
tail surfaces, plus the tip of the vertical stabilizer,
where charge tends to accumulate on the airframe.
Sufficient dischargers must be provided to allow for
current carrying capacity which will maintain
airframe potential below the corona threshold of the
trailing edges.
12.8 In order to achieve full performance of avionic
equipment, the static discharge system will require
periodic maintenance. A pilot’s knowledge of
P−static causes and effects is an important element in
assuring optimum performance by early recognition
of these types of problems.
13. Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission
of Radiation (Laser) Operations and
Reporting Illumination of Aircraft
13.1 Lasers have many applications. Of concern to
users of the National Airspace System are those laser
events that may affect pilots; e.g., outdoor laser light
shows or demonstrations for entertainment and
advertisement at special events and theme parks.
Generally, the beams from these events appear as
bright blue−green in color; however, they may be red,
yellow, or white. Some laser systems produce light
which is invisible to the human eye.
13.2 FAA regulations prohibit the disruption of
aviation activity by any person on the ground or in the
air. The FAA and the Food and Drug Administration
(the Federal agency that has the responsibility to
enforce compliance with Federal requirements for
laser systems and laser light show products) are
working together to ensure that operators of these
devices do not pose a hazard to aircraft operators.
13.3 Pilots should be aware that illuminations from
these laser operations is able to create temporary
vision impairment miles from the actual location. In
addition, these operations can produce permanent eye
damage. Pilots should make themselves aware of
where laser activities are being conducted and avoid
the areas if possible.
13.4 Recent and increasing incidents of unauthorized
illumination of aircraft by lasers, as well as the
proliferation and increasing sophistication of laser
devices available to the general public, dictates that
the FAA, in coordination with other government
agencies, take action to safeguard flights from these
unauthorized illuminations.
13.5 Pilots should report laser illumination activity
to the controlling Air Traffic Control facilities,
Federal Contract Towers or Flight Service Stations as
soon as possible after the event. The following
information should be included:
13.5.1 UTC Date and Time of Event.
13.5.2 Call Sign or Aircraft Registration Number.
13.5.3 Type Aircraft.
13.5.4 Nearest Major City.
13.5.5 Altitude.
13.5.6 Location of Event (Latitude/Longitude and/
or Fixed Radial Distance (FRD)).
13.5.7 Brief Description of the Event and any other
Pertinent Information.
13.6 Pilots are also encouraged to complete the
Laser Beam Exposure Questionnaire (See
FIG 5−7−1), and fax it to the Washington Operations
Center Complex (WOCC) as soon as possible after
landing.
13.7 When a laser event is reported to an air traffic
facility, a general caution warning will be broadcasted
on all appropriate frequencies every
five minutes for 20 minutes and broadcasted on the
ATIS for one hour following the report.
PHRASEOLOGY−
UNAUTHORIZED LASER ILLUMINATION EVENT,
(UTC time), (location), (altitude), (color), (direction).
EXAMPLE−
“Unauthorized laser illumination event, at 0100z, 8 mile
　
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