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for example in the case of RVSM implementation. In this case
a modelling of the variation of atmospheric pressure with
altitude must be established
ADS-B provides barometic and geometric Altitude
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3 - Conclusion
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Airport Multilateration Summary
Strengths
􀂄High performance
􀂄For airports, it exceeds present
SMR performance
􀂄No additional aircraft equipage
required
􀂄Aircraft widely equipped with SSR
transponders
􀂄More and more aircraft are
equipped with Mode S
Transponders
􀂄Lifecycle cost lower than Radar
􀂄no rotating machinery,
essentially maintenance-free
Weaknesses
􀂄Performance affected by
ground effects (multipath,
shadowing, etc)
􀂄Change in installations and
procedures may be required
􀂄So transponder is not disabled
on the ground
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Key Features
􀂃Automatic aircraft labelling/
Identification
􀂃Passive aircraft location
􀂃Growth potential to receive and
forward ADS-B reporting
􀂃 Easily adaptable to airport layout
􀂃 Integration into STREAMS (Thales
ATM’s SMGCS)
Co-operative Multilateration System
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MAGS Target Location Methods
Passive multilateration
􀂉 Using all Mode S downlink formats
received
Active multilateration
􀂉 Includes a low power interrogator
(100 W) for less covered areas and
approach
Capable of growth towards reception
and processing of ADS-B / extended
squitter
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MAGS Adaptability
􀂉 Scaleable number of Ground Stations
􀂉 Adjustable antenna coverage
􀂉 Processing algorithms individually
adaptable for each airport area
􀂉 Full local and remote control
􀂉 Easy integration into STREAMS
􀂉 Wide range of Commercial Off The Shelf
(COTS) network equipment
􀂉 Industry standard interfaces and protocols
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Coping with Multipath
􀂉 Antenna patterns and special MAGS signal processing design allow
to reduce multipath influence
􀂉 It is essential to optimise ground stations placement
􀂉 A trade-off must be carried out between station geometry ,
multipath avoidance, and operational constraints
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MAGS Technical Data
TOA resolution: 128 MHz (7 ns / 2.4 m)
Mean accuracy: < 7 m
Detection probability: >95%
>99% in restricted areas
(e.g. runways)
Mean update rate: 1/s
Localisation capacity: 300 plots/s max.
Interrogation capacity: 200/s
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MAGS-GSR (outdoor Version)
􀂉 Off-the-Shelf Cabinet
􀂉 Heat Exchanger between Twin Walls
􀂉 300 W Heater
To be mounted to a wall, to a mast or
standing on Ground (together with
plinth as shown)
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MAGS at Köln/Bonn Airport
• Focus on one area
(Apron, TWY A/B/E, RWY14L)
• Five Ground Stations
(1 GST 4 GSR)
• Uses all valid Mode S
downlink formats
• Raw data shown,
i.e. no tracking or filtering
• Remote control, diagnosis
and configuration
over ISDN/SNMP
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ACRONYMS
􀂃 ADS-B : Automatic Dependence
Surveillance Broadcast
􀂃 COTS : Commercial Off The
Shelf
􀂃 CS : Central Station
􀂃 DPX : Duplexer
􀂃 GSR : Receive only Ground
Station
􀂃 GST : Transmit only Ground
Station
􀂃 HDOP : Horizontal Dilution of
Precision
􀂄 ISDN : Integrated Service Digital Network
􀂄 MAGS : Mode S Airport Ground Sensor
􀂄 NTA : Network Terminal Adapter
􀂄 RWY : Runways
􀂄 RXU : Receiver Unit
􀂄 SNMP : Simple Network Management
　
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