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communicate with the supported commander during critical periods in the battle procedure
process, while their resources are located to best support the ongoing operations. The amount of
time spent at either the higher commander's headquarters, or that of the supported formation or
unit, is left to the judgement of the individual commander. Factors, which may influence a
commander’s decision on location, are the type and pace of operation, the reliability of
communications, the need for the commander's personal presence, and constraints in time and
space.
4. The role of the tactical aviation commander may be expressed in terms of the various
functions to be performed. The specific functions involved vary with the level of command and
the forces available. A commander's critical functions include:
Command and Control
B-GA-440-000/AF-000 29
a. advising the supported commander;
b. allocating resources;
c. assigning missions and tasks;
d. defining the concept of operations and basic plans;
e. directing forces;
f. motivating subordinates;
g. sustaining assigned forces; and
h. understanding the situation and anticipating follow-on requirements.
SECTION 2
GROUPING OF AVIATION ASSETS
5. Aviation resources are generally organized into capability based squadrons, and are
centralized at that level having a continuous requirement for that particular type of support. The
grouping of tactical aviation resources must be decided at an early stage, with the command and
control responsibilities of the tactical aviation and land commanders being clearly defined.
6. The assignment of tactical aviation resources to a land commander may give that
commander authority or responsibility for:
a. administrative and logistic support;
b. assignment of tasks to the unit or sub-units;
c. delegation of control to subordinate commanders; and
d. movement of the unit.
7. Tactical aviation commanders always retain responsibility for the following specialist
aspects of tactical aviation, regardless of the command and control measures in effect:
a. aircraft maintenance policy;
b. aircrew training;
c. flight safety; and
d. operational flying procedures.
8. The terms continuous and occasional support help determine the level at which tactical
aviation units are assigned within land formations. Higher formations should generally "push"
aviation resources downward when requirements can be anticipated. If not provided in this way,
Tactical Helicopter Operations
30 B-GA-440-000/AF-000
lower formations must request the required support. This principle applies to all specialized
forms of support available to the army.
9. When considering the requirement to create new groupings, the effect the new groupings
will have on flexibility and responsiveness must be taken into account. Flexibility dictates that
command and control of tactical aviation should be kept at the highest level so that the land
commander can make optimum use of the available resources. Only when a specific subordinate
commander has a continuous requirement for tactical aviation resources should their assignment
or grouping be considered, and then only for the duration of the requirement.
10. Tactical aviation resources are grouped with formations or units by means of orders. This
decentralizing of resources for execution of taskings reduces the number of requests for support
on command nets and also provides the necessary warning time in which to plan for the effective
employment of the resources.
11. The responsiveness of a unit to a tasking will be determined by the time required to coordinate
and deploy the tasked resources. Transit flying time to the mission area is usually only
a small fraction of the total response time, unless previous warning has been given or if the
support requirements have been anticipated.
SECTION 3
COMMAND AND CONTROL TERMINOLOGY
12. The following standard terms are used during all Joint and Combined operations.
a. Full Command (AAP-6). The military authority and responsibility of a superior
officer to issue orders to subordinates. It covers every aspect of military
operations and administration, and exists only within national services. No
NATO commander has full command over the forces assigned to him. This is
because nations, in assigning forces to NATO, assign only operational command
or operational control.
b. Operational Command (AAP-6). The authority granted to a commander to
assign missions or tasks to subordinate commanders, to deploy units, to reassign
forces and to retain or delegate operational and/or tactical control as may be
deemed necessary. It does not of itself include responsibility for administration or
　
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