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b)  separation is checked by obtaining simultaneous RNAV distance readings from the aircraft at frequent intervals to ensure that the minimum will not be infringed.
8.5.7  Aircraft climbing or descending on the same track
8.5.7.1 A 150 km (80 NM) RNAV distance-based separation minimum may be used while vertical separation does not exist, provided:
a)  each aircraft reports its distance to or from the same “on-track” way-point;
b)  one aircraft maintains a level while vertical separation does not exist; and
c)  separation is established by obtaining simultaneous RNAV distance readings from the aircraft (see Figures III-25A and III-25B).
Note.— To facilitate application of the procedure where a considerable change of level is involved, a descending aircraft may be cleared to some convenient level above the lower aircraft, or a climbing aircraft to some convenient level below the higher aircraft, to permit a further check on the separation that will obtain while vertical separation does not exist.

Figure III-24 (see 8.5.6.1)

Figure III-25A (see 8.5.7.1 c))

Figure III-25B (see 8.5.7.1 c))
No. 1

III. Area Control Service
8.5.8 Aircraft on reciprocal tracks
8.5.8.1 Aircraft utilizing RNAV may be cleared to climb or descend to or through the levels occupied by other aircraft utilizing RNAV provided that it has been positively established by simultaneous RNAV distance readings to or from the same “on-track” way-point that the aircraft have passed each other by at least 150 km (80 NM) (see Figure III-26).
8.6 Longitudinal separation minima based on distance using RNAV where RNP is specified

Note.— Guidance material is contained in Attachment B to Annex 11, the Manual on Required Navigation Performance (RNP) (Doc 9613), the Air Traffic Services Planning Manual (Doc 9426) and the Manual on Airspace Planning Methodology for the Determination of Separation Minima (Doc 9689).
8.6.1 Within designated airspace, or on designated routes, separation standards in accordance with the provisions of this section (8.6) may be used, subject to regional air navigation agreements.
8.6.2 Separation shall be established by maintaining not less than the specified distance between aircraft positions as reported by reference to the same “on track” way-point, whenever possible ahead of both aircraft, or by means of an automated position reporting system.
Note.— The term “on track” means that the aircraft is flying either toward or away from the station or way-point.
8.6.2.1 When information is received indicating navi-gation equipment failure or deterioration below the navigation performance requirements, ATC shall then, as required, apply alternative separation minima.
8.6.2.2 Direct controller-pilot communications shall be maintained while applying a distance-based separation minima. Direct controller-pilot communications shall be voice or controller-pilot data link communications (CPDLC). The communication criteria necessary for CPDLC to satisfy the requirement for direct controller-pilot communications shall be established by an appropriate safety assessment.
Note.— The communication criteria which are used as a basis for the derivation of the separation minima in this section are set out in Appendix 5 of the Manual on Airspace Planning Methodology for the Determination of Separation Minima (Doc 9689). Guidance material for CPDLC is contained in the Manual of Air Traffic Services Data Link Applications (Doc 9694).

Figure III-26 (see 8.5.8.1)
8.6.2.2.1 Prior to and during the application of a distance-based separation minimum, the controller should determine the adequacy of the available communication link, considering the time element required to receive replies from two or more aircraft, and the overall workload/traffic volume associated with the application of such minima.
　
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