11.4 The aerodrome control tower shall, prior to a period of application of low visibility procedures, establish a record of vehicles and persons currently on the manoeuvring area and maintain this record during the period of application of these procedures to assist in assuring the safety of operations on that area.
12. Separation of aircraft and
of aircraft and vehicles
on the manoeuvring area
12.1 When there is a requirement for traffic to operate on the manoeuvring area in visibilities which require the aerodrome control to apply separation between aircraft, and between aircraft and vehicles, other than those specified in
10.3 and 11.3, the following shall apply:
12.1.1 At the intersection of taxiways, an aircraft or vehicle on a taxiway shall not be permitted to hold closer to the other taxiway than the holding position limit defined by a clearance bar, stop bar or taxiway intersection marking according to the specifications in Annex 14, Volume I, Chapter 5.
12.1.2 The longitudinal separation on taxiways shall be as specified for each particular aerodrome by the appropriate ATS authority. This separation shall take into account the characteristics of the aids available for surveillance and control of ground traffic, the complexity of the aerodrome layout and the characteristics of the aircraft using the aerodrome.
Note.— Movement of aircraft in these low visibility conditions postulates facility provision appropriate to the operation. The Manual of Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems (SMGCS) (Doc 9476) provides guidance on surface movement guidance and control components and procedures.
13. Control of traffic in the traffic circuit
13.1 Aircraft in the traffic circuit shall be controlled to provide the separation minima outlined in 14.1, 15.1 and 16 except that:
a) aircraft in formation are exempted from the separation minima with respect to separation from other aircraft of the same flight;
b) aircraft operating in different areas or lanes on aerodromes equipped with runways or mat facilities suitable for simultaneous landings or take-offs are exempted from the separation minima;
c) separation minima shall not apply to aircraft operating under military necessity in accordance with Part II, Section 6.
13.2 Sufficient separation shall be effected between aircraft in flight in the traffic circuit to allow the spacing of arriving and departing aircraft as outlined in 14.1, 15.1 and 16.
13.3 The clearance to enter the traffic circuit is issued to an aircraft whenever it is desired that the aircraft approach the landing area in accordance with current traffic circuits and traffic conditions are such that a clearance authorizing the actual landing is not feasible. In connexion with the clearance to enter the traffic circuit, information is given concerning the landing direction or runway-in-use so that the pilot-in-command of an aircraft may intelligently plan his entry into the traffic circuit.
13.4 If an aircraft enters an aerodrome traffic circuit without proper authorization, it shall be permitted to land if its actions indicate that it so desires. If circumstances warrant, a controller may ask aircraft with which he is in contact to give way so as to remove as soon as possible the hazard introduced by such unauthorized operation. In no case shall permission to land be withheld indefinitely.
13.5 In cases of emergency it may be necessary, in the interests of safety, for an aircraft to enter a traffic circuit and effect a landing without proper authorization. Controllers should recognize the possibilities of emergency action and render all assistance possible.
13.6 Special authorization for use of the manoeuvring area may be given to:
a) an aircraft which anticipates being compelled to land because of factors affecting the safe operation of the aircraft (engine failure, shortage of fuel, etc.);
b) hospital aircraft or aircraft carrying any sick or seriously injured persons requiring urgent medical attention.
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