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C−23 L−53 U−82 3−03
D−31 M−61 V−83 4−04
E−32 N−62 W−91 5−05
F−33 O−63 X−92 6−06
G−41 P−71 Y−93 7−07
H−42 Q−11 Z−12 8−08
I−43 R−72 0−00 9−09
A71I1M0.65R CHG 2 37//1315//078
2/14/Services Available to Pilots 4−1−23
3. Additional helpful key entries: (See TBL 4−1−5.)
TBL 4−1−5
Helpful Key Entries
# After entering a call sign/tail number, depressing the “pound key” (#) twice will indicate the end of the
entry.
*2 Will take the user back to the start of the process.
*3 Will repeat the call sign/tail number used in a previous reservation.
*5 Will repeat the previous question.
*8 Tutorial Mode: In the tutorial mode each prompt for input includes a more detailed description of what
is expected as input. *8 is a toggle on/off switch. If you are in tutorial mode and enter *8, you will return
to the normal mode.
*0 Expert Mode: In the expert mode each prompt for input is brief with little or no explanation. Expert
mode is also on/off toggle.
4−1−23. Requests for Waivers and
Authorizations from Title 14, Code of
Federal Regulations (14 CFR)
a. Requests for a Certificate of Waiver or
Authorization (FAA Form 7711−2), or requests for
renewal of a waiver or authorization, may be accepted
by any FAA facility and will be forwarded, if
necessary, to the appropriate office having waiver
authority.
b. The grant of a Certificate of Waiver or
Authorization from 14 CFR constitutes relief from
specific regulations, to the degree and for the period
of time specified in the certificate, and does not waive
any state law or local ordinance. Should the proposed
operations conflict with any state law or local
ordinance, or require permission of local authorities
or property owners, it is the applicant’s responsibility
to resolve the matter. The holder of a waiver is
responsible for compliance with the terms of the
waiver and its provisions.
c. A waiver may be canceled at any time by the
Administrator, the person authorized to grant the
waiver, or the representative designated to monitor a
specific operation. In such case either written notice
of cancellation, or written confirmation of a verbal
cancellation will be provided to the holder.
4−1−24. Weather System Processor
The Weather System Processor (WSP) was developed
for use in the National Airspace System to
provide weather processor enhancements to selected
Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR)−9 facilities. The
WSP provides Air Traffic with warnings of
hazardous wind shear and microbursts. The WSP also
provides users with terminal area 6−level weather,
storm cell locations and movement, as well as the
location and predicted future position and intensity of
wind shifts that may affect airport operations.
7/31/08 AIM

2/14/08 AIM
Radio Communications Phraseology 4-2-1
Section 2. Radio Communications Phraseology
and Techniques
4-2-1. General
a. Radio communications are a critical link in the
ATC system. The link can be a strong bond between
pilot and controller or it can be broken with surprising
speed and disastrous results. Discussion herein
provides basic procedures for new pilots and also
highlights safe operating concepts for all pilots.
b. The single, most important thought in pilotcontroller
communications is understanding. It is
essential, therefore, that pilots acknowledge each
radio communication with ATC by using the
appropriate aircraft call sign. Brevity is important,
and contacts should be kept as brief as possible, but
controllers must know what you want to do before
they can properly carry out their control duties. And
you, the pilot, must know exactly what the controller
wants you to do. Since concise phraseology may not
always be adequate, use whatever words are
necessary to get your message across. Pilots are to
maintain vigilance in monitoring air traffic control
radio communications frequencies for potential
traffic conflicts with their aircraft especially when
operating on an active runway and/or when
conducting a final approach to landing.
c. All pilots will find the Pilot/Controller Glossary
very helpful in learning what certain words or phrases
mean. Good phraseology enhances safety and is the
mark of a professional pilot. Jargon, chatter, and
“CB” slang have no place in ATC communications.
　
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