電流
without causing any run-back icing to occur behind the heated areas.
14. A two-speed cycling system is often used to accommodate the propeller and spinner require-ments; a 'fast' cycle at the high air temperatures when the water concentration is usually greater and a 'slow' cycle in the lower temperature range. A typical cycling sequence chart is shown in fig, 13-5.
羅爾斯-羅伊斯公司
RB211-524 D4D發(fā)動機
1944年9月開始研制4000當(dāng)量馬力的“海神”（Proteus）渦輪螺槳發(fā)動機，原打算用作布里斯托爾公司的“布拉巴宗”2（Bristo
Brabazon 2）飛機和桑德斯-羅公司的“公主”（Saunders-Roe Princess）號飛機的動力裝置。“海神”發(fā)動機于1947年元月首次試車，后來用作布里斯托爾公司的“大不列顛”（Britainnia）飛機的動力裝置，功率4445當(dāng)量馬力。船用“海神”是從這種發(fā)動機發(fā)展而成，用來為各種巡邏艇、氣墊船和水翼船提供動力。
Rolls-Royce RB211-524D4D
Work began in September 1944 on the 4000
e.h.p. Proteus turbo-prop originally intended to power the Bristol Brabazon 2 and Saunders-Poe Princess. The Proteus first ran in January 1947 and was later used to power the Bristol Britannia at 4445 e.h.p. A development of this engine, the Marine Proteus, is used to power various patrol boats,
布里斯托爾公司
“海神”發(fā)動機
Bristol Proteus hovercraft and hydrofoils.
緒言
1.所有燃氣渦輪發(fā)動機及其相關(guān)的安裝系統(tǒng)均具有將發(fā)動機起火的可能性減至最小的特性。然而關(guān)鍵是一旦發(fā)生了故障且引起火災(zāi)，應(yīng)有立即探測起火、迅速滅火和防止火災(zāi)蔓延的措施。探測和滅火系統(tǒng)必須盡量輕便，以減輕對發(fā)動機裝置所增加的重量。
14: Fire protection
第十四章 防火
滅火
火災(zāi)包容
火警探測
Contents
緒言
Introduction Prevention of engine fire 發(fā)動機起火的防范措施
ignition
External cooling and ventilation Fire detection Fire containment Fire extinguishing 發(fā)動機過熱探測
Engine overheat detection
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外部冷卻和通風(fēng)
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154 156 157 157
fireproof bulkhead from the combustion, turbine and jet pipe area, or 'hot' zone. The zones may be ventilated, as described in para 8, to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapours.
4. All pipes that carry fuel, oil or hydraulic fluid, are
INTRODUCTION
1. All gas turbine engines and their associated installation systems incorporate features that minimize the possibility of an engine fire. It is essential, however, that if a failure does take place and results in a fire, there is provision for the immediate detection and rapid extinction of the fire, and for the prevention of it spreading. The detection and extinguishing systems must add as little weight to the installation as possible.
PREVENTION OF ENGINE FIRE IGNITION
2. An engine/powerplant is designed to ensure that the prevention of engine fire ignition is achieved as far as possible. In most instances a dual failure is necessary before a fire can occur.
3. Most of the potential sources of flammable fluids are isolated from the 'hot end' of the engine. External fuel and oil system components and their associated pipes are usually located around the compressor casings, in a 'cool' zone, and are separated by a 發(fā)動機起火的防范措施
2.發(fā)動機／動力裝置在設(shè)計上確保盡可能地實現(xiàn)防止發(fā)動機起火。在大多數(shù)情況下采用的是必須雙重失效然后才會失火。
made fire resistant/proof to comply with fire regulations, and all electrical components and connections are made explosion-proof. Sparking caused by discharge of static electricity is prevented by bonding all aircraft and engine components. This gives electrical continuity between all the components and makes them incapable of igniting flammable vapour.
5.
On some engines, tubes carrying flammable fluids in 'hot areas' of the engine are constructed with a double skin. Should a fracture of the main fluid carrying tube occur the outer skin will contain any leakage, so preventing any possible fire ignition.
6.
The power plant cowlings are provided with an adequate drainage system to remove flammable fluids from the nacelle, bay, or pod, and all seal leakages from components are drained overboard at a position such that fluid cannot re-enter the pod and create a fire hazard.
7.
Spontaneous ignition can be minimized on aircraft flying at high Mach numbers by ducting boundary layer bleed air around the engine.
3.大部分存在著潛在火源的可燃液體均與發(fā)動機的“熱端”相隔離。外部燃油和滑油系統(tǒng)的附件及導(dǎo)管通常分布在壓氣機機匣周圍，即“冷”區(qū)內(nèi)，并且通過防火隔板與燃燒室、渦輪、噴管區(qū)即“熱”區(qū)相隔離。這些區(qū)域可通風(fēng)，如第8段所述，以防止可燃蒸汽蓄積。
6.動力裝置整流罩設(shè)有適當(dāng)?shù)穆┯拖到y(tǒng)，以排泄短艙、機艙或吊艙中的可燃液體。所有從各附件的密封件處漏出的液體均從一個不會使這些液體重返吊艙并引起火災(zāi)的地方排出機外。
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