pipe. The reverser casing is connected to the aircraft structure or directly to the engine. The casing supports the two reverser doors, the operating mechanism and, in the case of the clamshell door system, the outlet ducts that contain the cascade vanes. The angle and area of the gas stream are controlled by the number of vanes in each outlet duct.
21.
The clamshell and bucket target doors lie flush with the casing during forward thrust operation and are hinged along the centre line of the jet pipe. They are, therefore, in line with the main gas load and this ensures that the minimum force is required to move the doors.
22.
Both the clamshell door system and the bucket target system are subjected to high temperatures and to high gas loads. The components of both systems, especially the doors, are therefore
constructed from heat-resisting materials and are of particularly robust construction.
23. The cold stream thrust reverser casing (fig. 15-7) is fitted between the low pressure compressor casing and the cold stream final nozzle. Cascade vane assemblies are arranged in segments around the circumference of the thrust reverser casing. Blocker doors are internally mounted and are 22．無論是哈殼形門系統還是戽斗式盾牌系統均承受高溫和高燃氣載荷。因此，這兩個系統的部件，尤其是門，必須用耐熱材料和特別堅固的結構制成。
Thrust reversal
connected by linkages to the external movable (translating) cowl, which is mounted on rollers and tracks. Because the thrust reverser is not subjected to high temperatures, the casing, blocker doors and cowl are constructed mainly of aluminium alloys or composite materials. The cowl is double-skinned, with the space between the skins containing noise 23.冷氣流反推器機匣(圖15-7)裝在低壓壓氣機機匣和冷氣流尾噴口之間。葉柵葉片組合件沿反推器機匣的圓周呈扇形排列。阻流門安裝在里面，通過連桿與外部可移動的(平移)整流罩相連接，可移動的整流罩裝在一些滾棒和軌道上。因為反推器不承受高溫，所以機匣、阻流式門和可移動整流罩主要是由鋁合金或復合材料制成。可移動整流罩為雙層蒙皮結構，蒙皮之間包含有吸音材料(見第19章)。
absorbent material (Part 19).
渦輪聯合公司
RB199發動機
Turbo-Union RB199
英國的第一種軸流式渦輪噴氣發動機,研制始于1940年。裝在阿弗羅公司的“蘭開斯特”（Lancaster）飛機的尾部。開始飛行試驗后，在格洛斯特公司的飛機上安裝了兩臺F2于1943年11月13日進行了首次飛行。在早期出現的問題后，發展了F2/4綠玉“（Beryl），推力達到4000磅，并且作為桑德斯-羅公司（Saunders Roe)的SR/A1飛艇戰斗機。
Metrovick F2/4 Beryl
Development of the F2, the first British axial flow turbo-jet, began in f 940. After initial flight trials in the tail of an Avro Lancaster, two F2s were installed in a Gloster Meteor and first flew on 13 November 1943. After early problems the F2/4 Beryl was developed which gave up to 4000 lb thrust and was used to power the Saunders Roe SR/A1 flying boat fighter.
梅特羅維克公司
F2／4“綠玉”發動機
16: Afterburning
Contents
Introduction Operation of afterburning 緒言
加力燃燒的工作
結構
Construction
Burners Jet pipe 噴嘴
噴管
推進噴管
Propelling nozzle
Control system Thrust increase 控制系統
推力的增加
燃油消耗
Fuel consumption
第十六章 加力燃燒
緒言
1．加力燃燒(或復燃)是增加發動機基本推力以提高飛機的起飛、爬升及軍用飛機的作戰性能的一種方法。可以使用較大的發動機以獲得推力增加。但是因為這樣做會增加飛機的重量，迎風面積及總的油耗。加力燃燒是在短時間內增加推力的最好方法。
2．加力燃燒包括在發動機渦輪和噴管的推進噴口之間噴油和燃燒，這樣可利用排氣流中的未燃燒的氧氣來支持燃燒(圖16-1)。結果，排氣溫度增加使離開推進噴管的噴氣速度增加，因此也增加了發動機的推力。
INTRODUCTION
1. Afterburning (or reheat) is a method of augmenting the basic thrust of an engine to improve the aircraft take-off, climb and (for military aircraft) combat performance. The increased power could be obtained by the use of a larger engine, but as this would increase the weight, frontal area and overall fuel consumption, afterburning provides the best method of thrust augmentation for short periods.
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3．由于加力燃燒室的火焰溫度可大于l700℃，通常便把燃油噴嘴安排得使火焰集中在噴管中心線的周圍。這就允許一部分渦輪排氣沿著噴管壁流動，從而使噴管壁面的溫度保持在一個安全的數值。
2.
Afterburning consists of the introduction and burning of fuel between the engine turbine and the jet pipe propelling nozzle, utilizing the unburned oxygen in the exhaust gas to support combustion (fig. 16-1). The resultant increase in the temperature of the exhaust gas gives an increased velocity of the jet leaving the propelling nozzle and therefore increases the engine thrust.
3.
As the temperature of the afterburner flame can be in excess of 1,700 deg. C., the burners are usually arranged so that the flame is concentrated around the axis of the jet pipe. This allows a proportion of the turbine discharge gas to flow along the wall of the jet pipe and thus maintain the wall temperature at a safe value.
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