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conduct a missed approach and try again. Don’t push a tight situation.
 GUSTY CONDITIONS – There is no allowable tolerance below the minimum
specified safe speeds. The speeds flown in gusty conditions with fluctuating
airspeeds will need to be increased to continually maintain a safe margin over the
stall. Therefore, it may not be practical to use shortfield techniques.
Air Exercise:
 Take-off
Lower nose
FLAP 0o
79 kt (BROC)
57 kt (BAOC)
To 200ft or clear of obstacles
“40 kt”
“51 kt ROTATE”
FLAP 10o
Power Vs Brakes
For soft field
apply full back
pressure until
rotation
DRAG
(Thrust Req’d)
IAS
More thrust req’d
to fly slower
RMIT Flight Training Shortfield Circuits
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 3 Brief 14
 Landing
Airmanship:
- Smooth coordinated use of controls
- Restrict power on gravel surfaces
- Higher speeds in gusty conditions may be necessary
- If in doubt, go around
- Correct handover/takeover procedure
- Lookout
Apply maximum braking
without skidding
Maintain full back pressure
Target Threshold Speed 55 kt
Minimal hold-off and flare
Initiate touchdown with idle
power
57 kt
Increase power as
required to maintain speed
Normal approach until 300ft
Raise nose for 60 kt
APPROACH
PROFILE
DOES NOT
CHANGE
RMIT Flight Training Instrument Flight
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 1 Brief 17
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT
Aim: To learn to correctly fly an aircraft accurately, solely by reference to the aircraft
instruments.
Application:
- To exit cloud upon inadvertent entry.
- Precision control coordination.
- Practice towards a NVFR or CIR.
Definitions:
 Rate One Turn
- Completion of 360 in 2 minutes. (3/sec) AoB = 10% IAS + 7
 Instrument Scan
- Method used to cross reference the instruments, checking our performance.
Principles:
Always trust your instruments!
 Instrument Interpretation
- Power + Attitude = Performance (AH - fly by attitude)
TACHO - gives power information
Pitch - AH, ALT, ASI, VSI all give pitch information
Bank - AH, T&B, DG all give bank information
Yaw - only the Balance Ball gives yaw information
 Aircraft Control
- Maintain smooth coordination of power and flight controls
- AH and TACHO used to set up initial configuration, then other instruments used
to cross-reference and to confirm performance is being achieved.
- To change configuration:
 CHANGE - adopt required power and attitude
 CHECK - check performance being achieved
 HOLD - if correct; or
 ADJUST - if required
 TRIM - as required.
15 20 25
10
5
RPM
0 1
2
3
4
ALT
6 5
7
8
9
VS
20
20
5 15
10
10 15
5
40
60
80
120 100
140
160
T&B
AH – Artificial Horizon (Vacuum gyro).
TACHO – Power (measured in rpm).
DG – Directional gyro (Vacuum gyro).
T&B – Turn Coordinator (electrical gyro).
ALT – Altimeter (Static System).
VSI – Vertical Speed Indicator (Static System).
ASI – Air Speed Indicator (Pitot Static System).
RMIT Flight Training Instrument Flight
RMIT Instructor Rating Mass Briefs Issue 1 /2004 Page 2 Brief 17
Instrument Scan – Selective Radial Scan
In the absence of the natural horizon the pilot can interpret the instrument
information to determine the configuration and performance of the aircraft.
The primary source of attitude information is the Artificial Horizon (AH).
The other instruments will support the AH by giving performance information
relevant to the particular flight manoeuvre.
The correct method of instrument flying is to use the AH as the master instrument
and to refer to the appropriate performance instruments according to the
manoeuvre. This method is called the Selective Radial Scan.
Considerations:
 Sensory Illusions
- Vestibular Organs:
 3 semi-circular organs in the inner ear which detect accelerations by moving tiny
hair follicles.
 Constant velocity or gradual change in velocity is not detected.
- Somatogravic Illusion:
 Acceleration / deceleration causes sensations of up/down pitch. Worst at night
doing a go-around.
　
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