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18. means [ mi:nz ] n. 方法; 手段; 工具
19. control wheel 駕駛盤; 操縱輪
20. trim [ trim ] v. ; n. 配平
21. position [ p zin ] n. 位置vt. 定位
22. cause [ k :z ] vt. 導(dǎo)致; 造成…的原因
23. rotate [ ru teit ] v. 轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)
24. attitude [ ætitju:d ] n. 姿態(tài)
25. angular [ ægjul ] a. 角度的
26. amount [ maunt ] n. 量; 值; 大小
27. control surface [ s:fis ] 操縱面; 舵面
28. establish [ is tæbli ] vt. 建立; 確定; 形成
29. magnitude [ mægnitju:d ] n. 大小; 量值; 尺寸
30. reach [ ri:t ] v. 達(dá)到; 得到
31. refair [ rif ] vt. 再成流線型
32. total [ tutl ] a. 全部的; 總的
33. act on 作用在……上; 對(duì)…起作用
34. balance [ bælns ] n. 平衡; 對(duì)稱
35. remain [ ri mein ] vi. 保持( …狀態(tài))
36. stable [ steibl ] a. 穩(wěn)定的
37. bank [ bæk ] n. 傾斜; 坡度
38. angle [ ægl ] n. 角度
39. lose [ lu:z ] v. 失去; 降低
40. command [ k ma:nd ] n. 命令; 控制
41. flight deck [ dek ] 駕駛艙
42. control stand [ stænd ] 操縱臺(tái);控制臺(tái)
43. sensor [ sens ] n. 傳感器
44. feedback [ fi:dbæk ] n. 反饋
45. signal [ signl ] n.信號(hào)
46. A/P = Autopilot 自動(dòng)駕駛儀
47. bus drum [ drm ] 轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)鼓輪
48. CWS = Control Wheel Steering 駕駛盤操縱
49. transducer [ trænzdju:s ] n. 換能器; 傳感器
50. aileron force limiter 副翼操縱力限制器
51. consider [ knsid ] v. 考慮
52. CL = Center of lift 升力中心
53. CG = Center of gravity [ græviti ] 重心
54. counter force [ kaunt ] [ f :s ] 反向力; 相反的力
55. roll [ roul ] v. n. 橫滾
56. pitch [ pit ] v. n. 俯仰
57. pitch rate [ reit ] 俯仰率
58. Control column [ k lm ] 駕駛桿
59. torque tube [ t :k ] [ tju:b ] 扭力管
60. tab [ tæb ] n. 調(diào)整片
61. quadrant [ kw drnt ] n. 扇形盤
62. control rod 操縱桿
63. crank [ kræk ] n. 曲柄; 搖把
64. admit [ dmit ] v. 容許;供給
TEXT
[1] The flight controls provide maneuvering control about the lateral, longitudinal,
and vertical axes. They also provide increased lift for take off and landing as well as
increased aerodynamic drag both in flight and on ground. Flight controls are
divided into two major groups: primary and secondary. The primary flight controls
consist of the ailerons, elevators, and rudder. The secondary flight controls consist
of the spoilers, trailing edge flaps, leading edge devices, and the stabilizer. We will
introduce the primary flight controls in this lesson.
Fig15-1 Flight control familiarization
[2] The aileron control system provides the means of rotating the airplane about the
longitudinal axis. The aileron control system is actuated by rotation of either the
captains or first officers aileron control wheel. The autopilot system also provides
a control input. These inputs control a hydraulic powered system which drives the
ailerons. Moving the ailerons out of their trimmed position causes the airplane to
rotate and change attitude. The angular amount of control surface moved establishes
the "rate-of-change". When the desired magnitude of attitude change has been
reached, the control surfaces are refaired, total forces acting on the airplane are
balanced and the airplane remains stable in a bank angle. Since the airplane is in a
bank, the wing loses some of its lift, so up elevator command is used by the pilot or
by the autopilot.
[3] The ailerons are located on the outboard trailing edge of each wing. other
aileron components are located in 3 main areas:
 Flight deck
The control wheels are located in the forward portion of the flight deck. The
aileron trim switch is located on the control stand .
 Wheel well area
The aileron power control units(PCU, convert a pilot or autopilot mechanical
driven input to a hydraulic power driven mechanical output to drive the
aileron) are located on the forward wall of the main wheel well. The aileron
actuators are located on the forward wall of the main wheel well. The aileron
position sensor provides two feedback position signal from the aileron system to the
A/P system.
 Lower nose compartment
The control drum and bus drum are connected to the control wheel, located
in the lower nose compartment. The roll CWS force transducer is connected
　
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