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between the bus drum and the control drum, the output of the force transducer
provides signals to the autopilot. The aileron force limiter limits control wheel
movement during A/P operation, the control wheel rotation is limited to 17 with
flaps up and 25 with flaps down.
[4] To understand elevator operation consider the airplane balanced about the center
of lift (CL).The center of gravity (CG) is shown forward of the center of lift. The
stabilizer provides a counter force to the CG. The stabilizer may be trimmed to
change the force as required to maintain balance.
Fig 15-3 Elevators
The elevators are used to change the pitch attitude. Moving the elevators out of
their faired position causes the airplane to change the pitch attitude about the lateral
axis. The amount of elevator movement establishes the airplane pitch rate. When the
desired attitude is reached, the elevators are faired and the airplane maintains the
new pitch attitude.
[5] Two control columns provide pitch control of the airplane. Each control column
extends through the floor into the lower nose compartment. A torque tube connects
the control columns together. The control columns allow the pilots to control the
airplane about the lateral axis.
[6] Control about the vertical axis is provided by the rudder. Control is provided by
a single rudder without tab. The rudder is pedal operated by the captain or the first
officer. Pedal movement rotates the forward quadrants ,which are cable connected
to the aft quadrant. Rotation of the aft quadrant moves a control rod connected to a
torque tube. Rotation of the torque tube moves a crank connected to the rudder
power control unit linkage. This admits hydraulic fluid to the actuating cylinder,
which moves the rudder.
Fig 15-4 Rudder
EXERCISE
A. Find out the explanations of the following words in your “English-Chinese
technical dictionary”
1. flight controls [ P1-62 ]
2. lateral axis [ P1-90 ]
3. longitudinal axis [ P1-95 ]
4. vertical axis [ P1-165 ]
5. lift [ P1-91 ]
6. drag [ P1- 48 ]
7. trim [ P1-160 ]
8. attitude [ P1-14 ]
9. control surface [ P1-36 ]
10. sensor [ P1-132 ]
11. feedback [ P1-58 ]
12. bus drum [ P1-24 ]
13. transducer [ P1-158 ]
14. aileron force limited [ P1-3 ]
15.center of gravity [ P1-28 ]
16. roll [ P1-127 ]
17. roll axis [ P1-127 ]
18. roll rate [ P1-128 ]
19. pitch [ P1-113 ]
20. pitch axis [ P1-113 ]
21. pitch rate [ P1-113 ]
22. control column [ P1-36 ]
23. tab [ P1-149 ]
B. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. The flight controls are divided into two major groups: primary and secondary.
The primary flight controls consist of the ailerons, elevators, and rudder, the
secondary flight controls consist of the spoilers, trailing edge flaps, leading edge
devices and the stabilizer.
2. Moving the ailerons out of their trimmed position causes the airplane to rotate
and change attitude.
3. The amount of elevator movement establishes the airplane pitch rate. When the
desired attitude is reached ,the elevators are faired and the airplane maintains
the new pitch attitude.
4. Control about the vertical axis is provided by a single rudder without tab.
5. The aileron force limiter limits control wheel movement during A/P operation,
the control wheel rotation is limited to 17 with flaps up and 25 with flaps
down.
LESSON 16
POWER PLANT (1)
VOCABULARY
1. power plant [ pla:nt ] 動力裝置(設備)
2. thrust [ rst ] n. ; v. 推力;推進
3. aid [ eid ] v. 幫助;支援
4. thrust reverser [riv:s ] 反推(力)裝置
5. drive [ draiv ] v. 驅動;拖動;傳動
6. gearbox [ gib ks ] n. 齒輪箱; 變速箱
7. high bypass - ratio [reiiou ] 高函道比(函道比指發動機外路與內路
的氣流流量比值)
8. turbofan [ t:boufæn ] n. 渦輪風扇
9. buildup [ bildp ] n. 裝配;建造
10. identical [ aidentikl ] a. 相同的;一樣的
11. axial flow [ æksil ] [flu ] 軸流(式)
12. rotor [ rut ] n. 轉子
13. stator vane [ steit ] [ vein ] 定子葉片
14. compressor [ kmpres ] n. 壓縮機; 壓氣機
15. via [ vai ] prep. 經由; 通過; 取道
16. shaft [ a:ft ] n. 軸
17. turbine [ t:bin ] n. 渦輪;透平
18. mechanically [ mikænikli ] ad. 機械地
19. independent [ indipendnt ] a. 獨立的
20. each other 相互;彼此
　
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