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Helicopters should avoid low flying
and taxying across runways and
manoeuvring areas if there is a risk
of collision. Also, try not to blow
dust, sand or gravel around with
your downwash.
Mandatory Frequency (MF)
One is assigned to some
uncontrolled airports, and must be
used for all transmissions with its
area of coverage. It's usually found at
airports with an FSS.
Aerodrome Traffic Frequency (ATF)
Used for airfields that don't meet the
specs for an MF. If no Unicom
exists, the ATF will be 123.2. The
difference between an ATF and an
MF is that, with the former, the
appropriate procedures should be
followed and, in the latter, they must
be followed.
VFR and IFR within MF Area - 602.97
Normally, you must have suitable
radio equipment, and maintain a
listening watch on the specified
frequency, but if a ground station is
in operation, you can give prior
notice, if you ensure there is no
likelihood of collision, and you enter
the circuit from where you can
complete two sides of a rectangular
circuit before turning onto finals.
General MF Requirements - 602.98
Reports must be made on the MF to
the ground station with it, or
broadcast, if a ground station is not
in operation.
Before Manoeuvring Area
Report your intentions
beforehand.
On Departure - 602.100
Before moving onto the takeoff
surface, report your
departure intentions, ensure
there is no likelihood of
collision with another aircraft or
a vehicle during take-off, and
report departing the circuit.
Air Law 33
On Arrival - 602.101
If you are VFR, you must report
at least 5 minutes before
entering the MF area, giving
your position, altitude,
estimated time of landing and
arrival intentions. You must also
report downwind, on finals and
clear of the landing surface.
Continuous Circuits - 602.102
You must report joining
downwind, on finals (stating
intentions) and when clear of
the landing surface.
Flying through an MF Area
Report at least 5 minutes before
entering, giving your position,
altitude, estimated landing time,
intentions, and when clear.
IFR Approaches or Landings - 602.104
You must report your intentions 5
minutes before you estimate
commencing approach (with your
estimated time of landing), when
commencing a circling manoeuvre,
and as soon as practicable after
initiating missed approach.
You must also report passing the fix
outbound (for a procedure turn) or
when you first intercept the final
approach course, passing the final
approach fix (or three minutes
before the estimated time of
landing), and on finals.
Controlled Airports
2-way radio communications are
normally required. Where ATIS is
available, you should take the details
before transmitting, and inform
ATC what version you have, so they
know whether you're up to date.
ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information
Service) is typically broadcast on a
VOR frequency at major
aerodromes (you can use it as an ID
on instrument rides), although it may
have its own channel.
As you can imagine, this relieves
ATC of a lot of work, and saves the
airways being clogged up, but they
will still give you the current
altimeter setting.
So, the pre-departure routine is to
listen to the ATIS, contact the
ground frequency (if there is one)
for taxi clearance, then tower for
takeoff, remaining there until you
clear the zone.
Where runways cross each other,
watch out for a Hold Short clearance,
which is intended to stop you
entering the wrong runway. It must
be read back.
When arriving, you still need the
ATIS before contacting ATC, which
should naturally be done before
entering the control zone.
They will need to know your
identification, aircraft type, position,
altitude, ATIS version, transponder
code and intentions. You should
then be cleared to the circuit or a
position for further clearance.
Standard Traffic Circuit – RAC 4.5.2
Make all turns to the left, arriving on
the upwind side (the other side of the
runway from the circuit), or at 45° to
the downwind leg, at the height
published in the CFS (all circuit
details will be in there, too), although
the normal height is 1,000 feet (cross
over from the upwind side 500'
above this). Only join directly
downwind if there is no conflict.
34 Canadian Professional Pilot Studies
　
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