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See also Icing.
Aeronautical Information
Transport Canada ensures you get
important information as follows:
NOTAM
A NOTice to AirMen is a warning
or notice that may be relevant to
flight, concerning changes to
frequencies or serviceability of
navaids, or hazards. They are among
the items to be checked before flight
and can be obtained by telephone,
from an FSS or over the Internet.
They affect, but do not amend,
information in the AIP…..
AIP
The Aeronautical Information Publication
is issued to every licensed pilot in
Canada that contains a summary of
all the rules and regulations that may
affect aviation. As such, it is not the
final authority for the rules you have
to obey, and will not be produced in
court, but the law that backs it up
will. A clue as to what is or isn’t
supported by law is given by the use
of the word “shall”.
It is split into eight sections:
·  AGA – information on
aerodromes, including safety
altitudes, etc.
·  COM – communications, radio
frequencies, navaids, etc.
·  MET – weather services, radio
frequencies, met offices.
·  RAC – rules of flight for the
area, flight plans, reporting, etc.
·  FAL – arrival, transit and
departure procedures, customs,
documentation, cargo.
·  SAR – search and rescue
organisation and procedures.
·  MAP – maps and charts.
·  GEN – general information
unsuited to the above sections,
such as time zones, registration
marks, etc.
The above sections are the same
from country to country so you can
find the information easier.
As with any publication of a like
nature, it is amended regularly, and
you should always make sure yours is
up-to-date. Temporary changes are
issued as a Supplement, and are kept in
the back.
AIC
You will find Aeronautical Information
Circulars (AICs) in the back of the
AIP, which are used to give notice of
impending changes to legislation, or
admin matters that don’t otherwise
concern the AIP.
Aviation Notice
This will contain information
specific to a region, or short term
stuff that only requires reading once.
AIRAC Canada
A notice issued weekly to give
advance notice of changes within
Domestic Airspace.
Emergencies
An Aviation Occurrence is any accident
or incident associated with the
operation of aircraft, or a situation
that could lead to one. After any
100 Canadian Professional Pilot Studies
occurrence, the TSB must be told as
soon as possible (see GEN 3.3 in the
AIP for how to report one). You can
make reports in confidence under
the Confidential Aviation Safety
Reporting Program (CASRP).
Aircraft Accident
A reportable one occurs when:
·  anyone is killed or injured from
coming into contact with the
aircraft, including jet blast or
rotor downwash
·  the aircraft sustains damage or
structural failure
·  the aircraft is missing or
inaccessible
between the time any person boards it
with the intention of flight, and all
persons have disembarked (ICAO).
Significant or Substantial Damage in this
context essentially means anything
that may involve an insurance claim,
but officially is damage or failure
affecting structure or performance,
normally meaning major repairs.
Under ICAO, a fatal injury is one that
involves death within 30 days. A
serious injury involves:
·  more than 48 hours in hospital
within 7 days.
·  more than simple fractures of
fingers, toes and nose.
·  lacerations causing nerve or
muscle damage or severe
haemorrhage.
·  injury to any internal organ.
·  2nd or 3rd degree burns or any
over 5% of the body.
·  exposure to infectious
substances or radiation.
The Transportation Safety Board of
Canada (TSB) investigates aircraft
accidents, and has teams of
investigators on 24-hour standby to
go worldwide. Its function is not to
apportion blame, but to ensure that
accidents don't happen again.
Post Accident Procedures
The pilot or senior survivor,
Company or aerodrome authority (in
that order, if practical) should take as
much as possible of the following
action after evacuating passengers to
　
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