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altimeter three zero zero five.” With all those
zeros now implanted into the flight crew’s
heads, one of them will read back “Descend to
one-zero-thousand” along with the other
values, and the controller will fail to note the
wrong altitude in the readback.
Shortly thereafter, we will change over to
Approach Control and report “…out of one
eight thousand for one-zero-thousand.” Again a
busy controller will miss the incorrect altitude.
As we start to level off, the controller sees our
altitude readout, questions us, and tells us to
climb back up to one-one-thousand, where we
belong. At the same time, there are a couple of
departure aircraft heading in our direction,
also at 10,000 feet. We evade them by making
some steep turns and climbing rapidly. Not
much harm done except a few spilled drinks,
and the possible creation of some future
paperwork.
Pretty soon, I hear the announcement for
flight attendants to prepare for landing. This
is the favorite part of the trip for me because it
means that the guy in 24B must put his seat
back into the upright position, and it also
indicates that we have gotten down through
11,000 and 10,000 feet without hitting another
aircraft. Both of these occurrences allow me to
breathe a lot easier!!!
Okay…so I made up all this stuff about the
guy in 24B, and the dogfights with other
aircraft, but it all could have really happened,
because seriously, there is a real life 10K/11K
problem, and I wanted to get your attention so
that we could talk about it.
Why do a lot of altitude deviations occur
at 10,000 and 11,000 feet?
ContributingFactors
In the preparation of this article, I reviewed
hundreds of ASRS reports which involved a
mix-up with these two altitudes. The reports
reveal several causal factors which show up in
nearly all of the incidents. I’ll review those
factors here; however, bear in mind that the
incidents do not usually occur as a result of a
single causal factor. They almost always
reflect a combination of two or more of the
following factors.
ASRS Directline 7
One Zero Ways to Bust an Altitude continued…
Similar Sounding Phrases
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Altitude

pairs in

Thousands
Percentage of
Altitude Deviations
by Altitude Pairing
Analysis of the ASRS database indicates that there
are far more clearance misinterpretations involving
the altitude pair of ten/eleven thousand feet than any
other altitude combination—fully 38 percent of the
sample data set. The next largest category accounted
for less than 5 percent of the total deviations in this
data set.
The sample data set on which this finding is based is
composed of 191 ASRS reports describing incidents
with the following characteristics: (1) an assigned
altitude was overshot or undershot, (2) a misinterpreted
clearance contributed to the occurrence, (3)
the event occurred between 1987 and 1990, and (4)
the deviating aircraft attained an altitude 1000 feet, (or
2000 feet above FL 290) above or below its assigned
altitude. The search was confined to ASRS Full-Form
records since only these contain all of the necessary
data elements.
The adjacent figure is based on an analysis of these
Pilots misunderstand the clearance, and
controllers misunderstand the readback due to
the similar sounding phrases of one-zerothousand
and one-one-thousand.
“I believe it is very easy to confuse one-onethousand
with one-zero-thousand, and viceversa.”
“I don’t know if the controller said 10,000
but intended to say 11,000 or if he said
11,000 and I thought he said 10,000.”
Readback/Hearback
Controllers fail to note incorrect altitude in
pilot readbacks. The old hearback bugaboo…
“Voice tape reading showed that the clearance
was to 11,000 feet, but readback by
[the] captain of 10,000 feet went uncorrected.”
“Controller said ‘Oh, I should have checked
your readback.’ ”
data. Each category relates to a pair of altitudes that
　
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