曝光臺 注意防騙 網(wǎng)曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費者

one chagrined flight crew was informed
that they had exited the aircraft with an
engine still running at the gate.
General aviation pilots are not immune to the
homeitis disease. As one rueful G/A pilot
reported: “My ground speed dropped off…I had
a choice of either landing to refuel or to continue.
I decided to press on. At 4 miles out, the
engine went to idle. At 2-1/2 miles out, the
engine stopped.”
GetHomeItis is a disease that can also afflict a
pilot who is fresh and rested, but we’re willing
to bet that fatigue both occasions and compounds
the problem.
20 ASRS Directline
Complacency
Perhaps the most welcome sight in aviation is
the familiar home airport coming into view on
the horizon, especially after a long, hard series
of downline flights. However, the subtle slide
into psychological letdown, (frequently cited in
last-flight-of-the-day narratives), can lead to
error, embarrassment or hazard. Noted one
reporter: “Having the field in sight and being
very familiar with local area, I came off the
gauges and busted my altitude.” Another
reporter in reflection of his deviation noted: “I
was complacent about checking the approach
plate and in flying our normal procedures.” A
captain who strayed off the route was apologetic:
“Since it was the last leg home, I put
away my charts. Next time I’ll leave them out.”
Cockpit Management
The omission of cross-checking and crew
concept monitoring duties was a common
factor in last-flight-of-the-trip circumstances.
“We were relaxed,” admitted one reporter. “We
were too relaxed,” insisted another [emphasis
added]. Common errors include selection of
wrong VOR and ILS frequencies, radials, and
DME distances; incorrect comprehension and
readback of clearances; and misinterpreted
runway assignments. Pilots psychological letdown
in vigilance and cross-checking were
frequently cited: “Not paying attention to what
the captain was doing…,” “not monitoring the
F/O’s actions…,” “the crew let down their
guard…lost backup monitoring….”
Looking for Solutions
Awareness of the potential for each of us to be
a victim of fatigue, complacency, and
GetHomeItis is the first step in the cure of the
disease.
Combatting Fatigue
Fatigue is insidious. Without realizing its
progressive impact upon alertness and attentiveness,
tired pilots drift toward passivity,
inertia and lethargy. In an increasingly
competitive industry, air carrier pilots often
cite scheduling as the major contributor to
fatigue. There is little advice the author can
give airline flight crews except to eat well and
get as much rest as possible. General aviation
pilots often have more control over their
schedules and should plan for adequate rest
periods.
Professionalism
By definition, complacency is not recognized as
a problem in the cockpit while the flight is in
progress. Complacency as a factor in flight
crew error is identified only in post-incident
reflection. None of us is immune to the condition
of complacency. Working hard to maintain
a professional attitude at all times will go
a long way in providing a degree of immunity
from the affliction. (By the way, you don’t have
to be a fly-for-hire pilot to strive for professionalism;
even the newest student pilot needs to
develop a professional attitude.)
Cockpit Management
Maintain proper cockpit and flight crew
monitoring, and observe duty priorities.
Projecting thoughts forward to post-arrival
details distracts pilots from the tasks at hand.
It Ain’t Over ’Til…
“The last leg of the flight should be flown in
the same way as the first flight of the day,”
stated one reporter, “or else it might be the
last flight in the pilot’s career.”
ASRS Directline 21
Since 1976, NASA’s Aviation Safety Reporting System has been recording safety-related
incident reports that are received from nearly all segments of the aviation community. These
reports, comprising what is perhaps the world’s largest repository of aviation human factors
data, contain a wealth of knowledge on pilot and air traffic controller behavior, operational
problems at airports, and other airspace system anomalies. With 2500–3000 new reports
arriving every month, it is easily seen that ASRS data speaks to the most current aviation safety
issues in the United States.
　
中國航空網(wǎng) www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：ASRS Directline(39)