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FLIGHT SAFETY FOUNDATION • FLIGHT SAFETY DIGEST • JUNE 2005 31
Flight Crew Procedures Streamlined
For Smoke/Fire/Fumes
Based on accident/incident research and discussions during international meetings,
a philosophy and a checklist template aim to standardize and optimize responses to
nonalerted smoke/fire/fumes events.
— FSF EDITORIAL STAFF
An international initiative to improve
checklist procedures for airline pilots
confronting smoke/fire/fumes has
published two documents derived from
conference calls, meetings and a fi nal industry symposium
March 1–2, 2005, in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
The Smoke/Fire/Fumes Philosophy and Defi nitions
and the Smoke/Fire/Fumes Checklist Template (page
33) specifi cally address fl ight crew responses to
nonalerted smoke/fi re/fumes events (i.e., events
not annunciated to fl ight crews by aircraft detection
systems). Flight Safety Foundation (FSF) in fall
2004 became the sponsor of this initiative.
These documents take into account a wide range
of viewpoints, said James Burin, FSF director of
technical programs, and they have been sent to the
U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) for
consideration during future revisions of Advisory
Circular 120-80, In-fl ight Fires (see “FAA Will
Consider Smoke/Fire/Fumes Recommendations,”
page 36). The following Smoke/Fire/Fumes
Philosophy and Defi nitions document provides an
overview of the issues addressed by the initiative
and the consensus recommendations.
Smoke/Fire/Fumes
Philosophy and Defi nitions
This philosophy was derived by a collaborative
group of industry specialists representing
aircraft manufacturers, airlines/operators and professional
pilot associations. The philosophy was
used to construct the Smoke/Fire/Fumes Checklist
Template.
Copyright © 2005 iStockphoto
32 FLIGHT SAFETY FOUNDATION • FLIGHT SAFETY DIGEST • JUNE 2005
P R O C E D U R E S F O R S M O K E / F I R E / F U M E S
General
• The entire crew must be part of the solution.
• For any smoke event, time is critical.
• The Smoke/Fire/Fumes Checklist Template:
– Addresses nonalerted smoke/fire/fumes
events (smoke/fire/fumes event not annunciated
to the flight crew by aircraft
detection systems);
– Does not replace alerted checklists
(e.g., cargo smoke) or address multiple
events;
– Includes considerations to support
decisions for immediate landing (an
overweight landing, a tailwind landing,
a ditching, a forced off-airport landing,
etc.); and,
– Systematically identifies and eliminates
an unknown smoke/fire/fumes source.
• Checklist authors should consider a large font
for legibility of checklist text in smoke conditions
and when goggles are worn.
• At the beginning of a smoke/fire/fumes
event, the crew should consider all of the
following:
– Protecting themselves (e.g., oxygen
masks, smoke goggles);
– Communication (crew, air traffic control);
– Diversion; and,
– Assessing the smoke/fire/fumes situation
and available resources.
Initial Steps for Source Elimination
• Assume pilots may not always be able to
accurately identify the smoke source due to
ambiguous cues, etc.
• Assume alerted-smoke-event checklists have
been accomplished but the smoke’s source
may not have been eliminated.
• Rapid extinguishing/elimination of the source
is the key to prevent escalation of the event.
• Manufacturer’s initial steps that remove
the most probable smoke/fumes sources and
reduce risk must be immediately available to
the crew. These steps should be determined by
model-specific historical data or analysis.
• Initial steps:
– Should be quick, simple and reversible;
– Will not make the situation worse or inhibit
further assessment of the situation;
and,
– Do not require analysis by the crew.
Timing for Diversion/Landing
• Checklist authors should not design procedures
that delay diversion.
• Crews should anticipate diversion as soon as
a smoke/fire/fumes event occurs and should
be reminded in the checklist to consider a
diversion.
• After the initial steps, the checklist should direct
diversion unless the smoke/fire/fumes source
is positively identified, confirmed to be extinguished
and smoke/fumes are dissipating.
• The crew should consider an immediate landing
anytime the situation cannot be controlled.
　
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