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G.C. - Grid Course.
G/S - Glide Slope
GCA - See Ground Controlled Approach.
GCS - Ground Clutter Suppression.
GDC - General Data Center.
GDOP - Geometric Dilution of Position.
GPIRS - Global Positioning System and Inertial Reference System
combination sensor.
GPS - Global Positioning System (Satellite navigation).
GPWS - Ground Proximity Warning System.
great circle - The circle formed by a plane passing through the
center of a sphere.
GRI - Group Repetition Interval.
Ground Controlled Approach - A radar approach system operated
from the ground by air traffic control personnel transmitting
instructions to the pilot by radio. The approach may be conducted
with surveillance radar (ASR) only or with both surveillance and
precision approach radar (PAR). Usage of the term “GCA” by pilots
is discouraged except when referring to a GCA facility. Pilots should
specifically request a “PAR” approach when a precision radar
approach is desired or request an “ASR” or “surveillance” approach
when a nonprecision radar approach is desired.
ground wave - Radiated energy which follows the surface of the
earth.
group repetition interval - The amount of time, in microseconds,
between the start and stop of each Loran C master station
transmission. Commonly used for station identification.
Glossary
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HDOP - Horizontal Dilution of Position.
HUD - Heads-Up Display.
IAF - See Initial Approach Fix.
Initial Approach Fix - The fixes depicted on instrument approach
procedure charts that identify the beginning of the initial approach
segment(s).
INS - Inertial Navigation System.
IRS - Inertial Reference System.
ISS - Inertial Sensor System; see IRS.
Jet Route - A network of air routes based on radials from VOR
navigational facilities extending from 18,000 feet MSL up to and
including Flight Level 450. Used in the U.S.A.
Kalman Filter - A (computer) processing technique which integrates
several similar signals and statistically determines their proper mix to
create a composite, best fit, single output.
lane ambiguity resolution - In OMEGA systems, the process of
identifying the correct lane, or area between hyperbolic lines of
positions.
latitude - Angular distance measured north or south of the Equator
from 0 to 90.
LCC - Loran C Navigational Charts.
LCS - Loran C Sensor System.
LDA - Localizer-type Directional Aid.
line of position - A line containing all possible geographic positions
of an observer at a given instant of time.
LOA - Loran C Operating Area.
Glossary
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LOA INSIDE - Status indicating that the aircraft’s present position is
inside a defined LOA. This status will be reported even if no stations
are being received.
LOA OUTSIDE - Status indicating that the aircraft’s present position
is outside a defined Loran Operating Area.
longitude - Any Great Circle which passes through the earth’s
poles. Measured in angular distance east or west from the zero
meridian.
LOP - Line of Position.
Loran C - Long Range Navigation, Version C; navigation systems
presently limited to the Northern Hemisphere. Excellent long and
short-term accuracy with periodic variation affecting short-term
position sensing.
LSK - Line Select Key.
MAP - Missed Approach Point.
MCU - Modular Concept Unit.
meridian - A line of longitude.
MFD - Multi-Function Display.
MLS - Microwave Landing System.
MMMS - Multi-Mission Management System.
MNPS - Minimum Navigational Performance Specifications.
MNVR - Maneuver.
modal interference - Error resulting from the inability of the receiver
to differentiate between ground and sky waves.
MOT - Mark On Target.
MPP - Most Probable Position.
Glossary
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MSG - Message.
MSU - Mode Selector Unit.
NAS - National Airspace System.
NAT OTS - North Atlantic - Organized Track System.
NAT-MNPS - North Atlantic - Minimum Navigation Performance
Specification.
NAVSTAR/GPS - Global Positioning System.
NCU - Navigation Computer Unit.
night effect - An overlapping of ground and sky waves, common at
sunrise and sunset, resulting in temporarily erratic indications.
NONCERT - Status indicating that the LCS is navigating outside the
Loran Operating Area (LOA) and the navigation computer is not
utilizing LCS for position determination.
NOS - National Oceanic Service.
NPU - Navigation Processor Unit.
NVG - Night Vision Goggles.
　
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