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enforcement/customs vehicles arrived to welcome me to the
U.S. Lots of questions, explaining, and searches. It all
ended with a photo session.
I will put more effort into the planning phase of flights
and select landmarks that are easier to identify. I will
make better use of navigation aids and use “flight
following.”
Among other things, wrong is a word that describes
something as being out of normal working order or
condition. When something “goes wrong” with an
aircraft component, a piece of equipment, a
schedule, a passenger, or the weather for example,
that’s when aviation professionals rise to the
occasion and fix what’s wrong or work around it.
It’s part of the job.
Wrong also describes a situation in which someone
goes in an unintended direction or makes an
erroneous decision. The fix for that sort of wrong
can be a bit more challenging. Someone has to
recognize that something is amiss. Someone has to
figure out what is wrong.
The people who submitted the following reports
went in unintended directions or made erroneous
decisions, but they also did something right. They
shared their lessons so that the rest of us wouldn’t
have to “go wrong.”
Seeing Is Believing
Armed with over 15,000 hours of combined experience,
advanced avionics, and visual contact with the airport,
this B737 flight crew believed that they were headed for
the right place. An alert air traffic controller, however,
noticed that something was wrong.
From the Captain’s report:

I have often wondered how crews land at the wrong
airport. Well, now I know.... We were in and out of the
clouds.... We were told to expect the visual approach to
Runway 19R at ZZZ.... The First Officer was flying and he
was asking for lower. I made the comment we had plenty of
time, then all of a sudden an airport appears in a break in
the clouds. We called the airport in sight. We were cleared
for the visual approach and were told to switch to the
tower....We were cleared to land. I remember thinking this
doesn’t look like nine miles, but dismissed it because we
had a runway in sight. We made a turn through an
opening in the clouds, maneuvered to final, and had just
lined up with the runway when the Tower Controller said,
“[Wrong Airport] is 12 o’clock, three miles. ZZZ is one
o’clock, nine miles. Do you have ZZZ in sight?” We...looked
out and saw the real ZZZ Airport in the distance and
called it in sight....
I attribute this close call to several things. We could have
been more thorough in our brief.... I never verbalized the
fact that [Wrong Airport] was going to be in close
proximity.... All radios, including ADF’s were properly
tuned, but ignored. We were not able to see enough of the
surrounding terrain to properly orient ourselves visually.
We did not have the “big picture.”
Lots of lessons learned here. We were very lucky someone
else was looking out for us.
From the First Officer’s report (after receiving the alert
from the Tower Controller):

We took a look at the MAP display and quickly
confirmed our error....
Human factors: Relying on my few remaining brain cells
instead of millions of dollars worth of navigation gear.
After all, the whole picture was right there in front of our
faces.
Armed with about 100 hours of experience, a sectional
chart, and a general idea of where to go, this pilot made a
borderline decision that led to some interesting inquiries.
Quiet! Approach in Progress
Federal Aviation Regulations Part 121.542 and Part
135.100 address the importance of maintaining a sterile
cockpit environment during critical phases of flight. While
there is no regulatory counterpart in FAR Part 91, this
PA32 pilot’s report demonstrates why all pilots should
consider adopting the procedure. In small aircraft, both
pilots and passengers should not engage in any activity
during a critical phase of flight that could be a distraction
or otherwise interfere with the safe conduct of the flight.

I was cleared for a visual, straight-in, Runway 21.... I
located the airport across a body of water and Runway 21
almost straight ahead. Wondering why I had not received
a hand-off to the Tower, I tuned to ZZZ Tower and called
on final.... Hearing no response, I tried Ground Control.
Still no response. I landed and realized during the rollout
that this was not ZZZ. The runway was 23.... After
explanations and paperwork, I flew VFR to ZZZ, 15 miles
away.
　
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