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the rotor blades are stopped.
Glider. A non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving
its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces
which remain fixed under given conditions of flight.
Glider flight time. The total time occupied in flight, whether
being towed or not, from the moment the glider first moves
for the purpose of taking off until the moment it comes to
rest at the end of the flight.
Helicopter. A heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight
chiefly by the reactions of the air on one or more powerdriven
rotors on substantially vertical axes.
Human performance. Human capabilities and limitations
which have an impact on the safety and efficiency of
aeronautical operations.
Instrument flight time. Time during which a pilot is piloting
an aircraft solely by reference to instruments and without
external reference points.
Instrument ground time. Time during which a pilot is
practising, on the ground, simulated instrument flight in a
flight simulation training device approved by the Licensing
Authority.
Instrument time. Instrument flight time or instrument ground
time.
Licensing Authority. The Authority designated by a Contracting
State as responsible for the licensing of personnel.
Note.— In the provisions of this Annex, the Licensing
Authority is deemed to have been given the following
responsibilities by the Contracting State:
a) assessment of an applicant’s qualifications to hold a
licence or rating;
Chapter 1 Annex 1 — Personnel Licensing
1-3 23/11/06
b) issue and endorsement of licences and ratings;
c) designation and authorization of approved persons;
d) approval of training courses;
e) approval of the use of flight simulation training devices
and authorization for their use in gaining the experience
or in demonstrating the skill required for the issue of a
licence or rating; and
f) validation of licences issued by other Contracting States.
Likely. In the context of the medical provisions in Chapter 6,
likely means with a probability of occurring that is unacceptable
to the medical assessor.
Maintenance. The performance of tasks required to ensure the
continuing airworthiness of an aircraft, including any one or
combination of overhaul, inspection, replacement, defect rectification,
and the embodiment of a modification or repair.
Medical Assessment. The evidence issued by a Contracting
State that the licence holder meets specific requirements of
medical fitness.
Medical assessor. A physician qualified and experienced in
the practice of aviation medicine who evaluates medical
reports submitted to the Licensing Authority by medical
examiners.
Medical examiner. A physician with training in aviation
medicine and practical knowledge and experience of the
aviation environment, who is designated by the Licensing
Authority to conduct medical examinations of fitness of
applicants for licences or ratings for which medical
requirements are prescribed.
Night. The hours between the end of evening civil twilight and
the beginning of morning civil twilight or such other period
between sunset and sunrise, as may be prescribed by the
appropriate authority.
Note.— Civil twilight ends in the evening when the centre
of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees below the horizon and begins in
the morning when the centre of the sun’s disc is 6 degrees
below the horizon.
Performance criteria. Simple, evaluative statements on the
required outcome of the competency element and a description
of the criteria used to judge whether the required level
of performance has been achieved.
Pilot (to). To manipulate the flight controls of an aircraft
during flight time.
Pilot-in-command. The pilot designated by the operator, or in
the case of general aviation, the owner, as being in command
and charged with the safe conduct of a flight.
Pilot-in-command under supervision. Co-pilot performing,
under the supervision of the pilot-in-command, the duties
and functions of a pilot-in-command, in accordance with a
method of supervision acceptable to the Licensing Authority.
Powered-lift. A heavier-than-air aircraft capable of vertical
take-off, vertical landing, and low-speed flight, which
depends principally on engine-driven lift devices or engine
thrust for the lift during these flight regimes and on nonrotating
aerofoil(s) for lift during horizontal flight.
Problematic use of substances. The use of one or more psychoactive
substances by aviation personnel in a way that:
a) constitutes a direct hazard to the user or endangers the
　
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