i. a safe forced landing cannot be accomplished because the surface is inadequate;
ii. the helicopter occupants cannot be adequately protected from the elements;
iii. search and rescue response/capability is not provided consistent with anticipated exposure; or
iv. there is an unacceptable risk of endangering persons or property on the ground.
(b)
In any case, the following areas shall be considered hostile:
i. for overwater operations, the open sea areas North of 45N and South of 45S designated by the authority of the State concerned; and
ii. those parts of a congested area without adequate safe forced landing areas.
. ‘Landing decision point (LDP)’ means the point used in determining landing performance from which, an engine failure having been recognised at this point, the landing may be safely continued or a balked landing initiated.
. ‘Landing distance available (LDA)’ means the length of the runway which is declared available by the State of the aerodrome and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing.
. ‘Landplane’ means a fixed wing aircraft which is designed for taking off and landing on land and includes amphibians operated as landplanes.
. ‘Local helicopter operation’ means a commercial air transport operation of helicopters with a maximum certified take-off mass (MCTOM) over 3 175 kg and a maximum operational passenger seating configuration (MOPSC) of nine or less, by day, over routes navigated by reference to visual landmarks, conducted within a local and defined geographical area specified in the operations manual.
. ‘Low visibility procedures (LVP)’ means procedures applied at an aerodrome for the purpose of ensuring safe operations during lower than Standard Category I, other than Standard Category II, Category II and III approaches and low visibility take-offs.
. ‘Low visibility take-off (LVTO)’ means a take-off with an RVR lower than 400 m but not less than 75 m.
. ‘Lower than Standard Category I (LTS CAT I) operation’ means a Category I instrument approach and landing operation using Category I DH, with an RVR lower than would normally be associated with the applicable DH but not lower than 400 m.
. ‘Maximum operational passenger seating configuration (MOPSC)’ means the maximum passenger seating capacity of an individual aircraft, excluding crew seats, established for operational purposes and specified in the operations manual. Taking as a baseline the maximum passenger seating configuration established during the certification process conducted for the type certificate (TC), supplemental type certificate (STC) or change to the TC or STC as relevant to the individual aircraft, the MOPSC may establish an equal or lower number of seats, depending on the operational constraints.
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本文鏈接地址：Annexes to the draft Commission Regulation on ‘Air Operations - OPS’(6)
