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followed by gear down, and a descent commenced.
The most useful PFD display is the raw FPV symbol to assist in setting the aircraft up
on the correct downwind, approach path, to maintain altitude and to avoid gross
errors.
NOTE : With the FDs off the speed target remains magenta VAPP target and the
ATHR controls the GS mini.
A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
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GENERAL
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BASE TRAINING BRIEFING (CONT’D)
03 - EQUIPMENT (CONT’D)
AIRCRAFT (CONT’D) :
E. CONDUCT OF TRAINING FLIGHTS (CONT’D)
b. Flight Training Policy (cont’d)
17.Final Approach and Landing
ILS guidance may be used, if available, for the first ILS assisted visual approach,
after this the use of the ILS should be restricted. Trainees are required to demonstrate
their ability to fly a visual approach without ILS or VASI guidance. As has already
been stated the FDs are not to be used for visual approaches. The FPV symbol is the
most useful aid to establishing the correct approach path. Autothrust is normally used,
again however, trainees must demonstrate their ability to fly the approach using both
manual and automatic thrust. The speed trend arrow is particularly useful for
achieving timely and correct thrust response. Care should be exercised to avoid
descent through the correct approach path with idle thrust. Late recognition of this
situation without prompt thrust increase may lead to considerable speed decay and
altitude loss. Endeavour to have the aircraft "stabilised" by 500’ AGL, that is on the
correct approach path at VAPP (or GS mini) with the appropriate thrust applied ; if
stabilisation is not achieved, a go around should be considered. Avoid any tendency
to "duck under" in the later stages of the approach. One dot below the glide at 50’ is
14’ below the ideal glide path, 2 dots is 28’. When the aircraft’s glideslope antenna is
at 50’ the main gear is at 37’ AGL and at threshold the main gear is at 34’. In any
event, avoid destabilisation of the approach in the last 100’ to give the best chance of
achieving a good touch down at the required position.
18.Flare and Landings
Standard Landings :
The pilot’s view from the cockpit of the A320 during approach and landing is
particularly good. The cockpit cut off angle is 20° which gives a superb view of the
runway close to the aircraft. Students must make sure that they look well ahead
during the flare and landing to enhance their ability to judge the position of the aircraft
relative to the ground. At 20’ "Retard" will be called. Reduce the thrust levers promptly
to idle. Commence a gentle progressive flare and allow the aircraft to touch down
without a prolonged floating flare. Do not attempt to "hold the aircraft off" as
considerable float may be followed by a hard touchdown.
A319/A320/A321
FLIGHT CREW TRAINING MANUAL
1.02.01 Page 29
REV 21 MAY 98
NORMAL OPERATION BRIEFINGS
GENERAL
CHAP02\01
BASE TRAINING BRIEFING (CONT’D)
03 - EQUIPMENT (CONT’D)
AIRCRAFT (END) :
E. CONDUCT OF TRAINING FLIGHTS (END)
b. Flight Training Policy (end)
18.Flare and Landings (end)
Crosswind Landings :
Either the "forward slip" or the "decrab" technique may be used. The preferred
technique is the decrab method ; allow the aircraft to point into wind, pushing it
straight with gentle use of rudder during the flare. If the decrab is gentle, little, use of
into wind aileron will be required if any. For rapid decrab using large or fast rudder
inputs, the aircraft will roll conventionally and aileron sidestick inputs will be required
(see also FCOM bulletin n° 21). REMEMBER the sidestick demands roll rate, once
the wings are level centre the sidestick.
19.Caution
Avoid flaring high and prolonged "hold offs". Tailstrike will occur if the pitch attitude
exceeds 13.5° (11.3° with the oleos compressed). Similarly the wing tip will scrape
the ground at roll attitudes approaching 18°. It should also be remembered that there
is a pitch up tendency with ground spoiler extension. If any doubt exists as to the
safety of the flare or landing an immediate go around should be executed (see also
FCOM bulletin n° 22).
DOCUMENTATION :
The following documentation will be provided, as appropriate, prior to the commencement of
the flight. In particular, the weather folder, notams, ATC flight plan, overflight clearances and
computer flight plan (where necessary), will be provided by AI/ST Operations by the time the
　
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