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Heavy copper end plates are fastened to the shaft at each end of the stack of laminations. Copper bars fit
into slots in the laminations and are welded to each of the end plates.
Changing magnetic fields, caused by AC flowing in the stator windings, induce a large amount of
current into the low-resistance bars and the end plates. This current produces a strong magnetic field that
reacts with the field in the stator, and the squirrel-cage rotor spins inside the stator. The speed of the rotor is
determined by the frequency of the alternating current flowing in the stator windings.
SRM (Structural Repair Manual). A maintenance manual issued by a manufacturer and approved by the
FAA that describes, in detail, specific repairs that are approved for a particular aircraft structure.
stabilator (aircraft primary flight control). A single-piece horizontal tail surface on an airplane which
serves the purposes of both the horizontal stabilizer and the elevators. A stabilator must have some method
of decreasing its sensitivity, and this is done with an antiservo tab on its trailing edge. The antiservo tab
automatically moves in the same direction as the stabilator, and the aerodynamic force it produces opposes
the movement of the stabilator.
stability (aircraft flight condition). The characteristic of an aircraft that causes it to return to its original
attitude after it has been disturbed from this condition.
stability (meteorology). A state of the atmosphere in which the vertical distribution of temperature is such
that a parcel of air will resist displacement from its initial level.
stabilizer (airplane control surface). The fixed horizontal tail surface on an airplane. The stabilizer is set
on the airplane so it provides the correct amount of stabilizing downward aerodynamic force when the
aircraft is flying at its normal cruise speed. The elevators are hinged to the trailing edge of the stabilizer.
stabilons (airplane control surface). Small wing-like horizontal surfaces mounted on the aft fuselage of
some airplanes to improve longitudinal stability. Stabilons are installed on airplanes that have an
exceptionally wide center of gravity range.
Printed from Summit Aviation's Computerized Aviation Reference Library, 2/7/2007
Page 552
stable isotope. An isotope of an element that does not undergo radioactive disintegration. An unstable
isotope, or radioisotope, emits radioactive energy as it decays.
stage length. The distance between landing points in airline operation.
stage of a compressor (turbine engines). One disk of rotor blades and the following set of stator vanes in
an axial-flow compressor.
stagger (airplane rigging). The relationship between the longitudinal location of the two wings of a
biplane. If the upper wing is further forward than the lower wing, the airplane has positive stagger; but if
the lower wing is ahead of the upper wing, the airplane has negative stagger.
staggered timing (reciprocating engine ignition). A method of timing the dual ignition of a reciprocating
engine. When the timing is staggered, the spark plug nearest the exhaust valve fires before the spark plug
nearest the intake valve.
In some engines, the exhaust gases are not completely scavenged, and they dilute the fuel-air
charge in the cylinder. This diluted charge near the exhaust valve burns more slowly than the undiluted
charge near the intake valve, and it is therefore ignited earlier.
stagger wires (airplane rigging component). High-strength steel wires that connect diagonally fore and
aft across the cabane struts of an biplane. Adjustment of the length of the stagger wires determines the
fore-and-aft relationship of the upper wing to the lower wing.
stagnation point (fluid dynamics). A location on a body in a stream of moving fluid at which the fluid has
stopped—it has no velocity. The stagnation point on an airfoil is at the leading edge where the air splits,
with some air passing over the top of the airfoil and the rest passing below it.
stain (finishing material). A form of nonprotective finish used on wood to color the wood without hiding
the grain. After a piece of wood is stained, it is usually covered with varnish to protect it.
stainless steel. An alloy of iron, chromium, and nickel that is resistant to rust and corrosion. Stainless steel
is more correctly called corrosion-resistant steel.
Neither the 200 series nor the 300 series of stainless steel can be hardened by heat treatment, and
the steel in both of these series is nonmagnetic. The 400 series of stainless steel which can be hardened by
heat treatment and is magnetic is used for knife blades and razor blades.
staking. A method of securing a part in a recess in a metal surface. For example, a disk can be fastened in a
　
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