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telemetering. A method used to transmit quantitative information from a vehicle in flight to a station on
the ground where this information can be used. Airplanes, missiles, rockets, and other types of complex
devices are equipped with many different types of instruments that measure movement, pressure,
temperature, acceleration, and strain.
The output from these instruments is coded and transmitted to flight test stations on the ground.
Here it is decoded and given to the engineers in a form they can use to determine what is happening to the
vehicle in flight.
telescope (type of movement). To slide one section of an object into another section or into a slightly
larger sleeve. The name comes from the sections of a telescope that slide into each other to make the
instrument smaller to store when it is not in use.
telescoping gage (measuring tool). A precision measuring tool used to measure the inside diameter of a
hole. A telescoping gage consists of a hardened steel pin that slides, or telescopes, into a hardened steel
sleeve. The pin is spring-loaded outward, and a T-handle, extending out from the center of the pin and
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sleeve, can be twisted to lock the pin in the sleeve.
A telescoping gage with the correct range of measurement is put in the hole whose inside diameter
is to be measured, and the lock is released. The spring pushes the pin and the sleeve against the sides of the
hole. The gage is held level across the hole, and the lock is tightened. The gage is then removed from the
hole, and its length is measured with a micrometer caliper.
tellurium. A brittle, silvery-white, metallic chemical element. Tellurium’s symbol is Te, its atomic number
is 52, and its atomic weight is 127.60. Tellurium is used in the production of corrosion-resistant steel.
TEMAC. Trailing edge of the mean aerodynamic chord. See mean aerodynamic chord.
temper (metal condition). The condition of a metal with regard to its strength and hardness.
temperature. A measure of the intensity of heat, or the hotness or coldness of a body or material.
Temperature is measured on one of four scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, and Rankine. The three
reference points used to measure temperature are:
1. Absolute zero, the point at which all molecular activity stops:
All molecular activity stops at 0°K, 0°R, –273°C, and –460°F.
2. The point at which pure water changes from a liquid into a solid (freezes):
Water freezes at 0°C, 32°F, 273°K, and 492° R.
3. The point at which pure water changes from a liquid into a gas (boils):
Water boils at 100°C, 212°F, 373°K, and 672°R.
temperature bulb (electrical thermometer component). A temperature-sensing device used with a
ratiometer-type thermometer. A length of small-diameter nickel wire is wound around an insulator and
enclosed in a thin stainless steel tube. This bulb is surrounded by the medium whose temperature is to be
measured so the nickel wire can reach the same temperature as the medium. The resistance of the wire
changes with its temperature, and a sensitive resistance-measuring instrument measures the resistance of
the wire and displays this resistance in terms of degrees of temperature.
tempered glass. Glass that has been heat-treated to increase its strength. Tempered glass is used in
birdproof, heated windshields for high-speed aircraft.
tempering steel (heat treatment). A process in the heat treatment of steel in which some of its hardness
and brittleness are removed. The steel is first hardened by heating it to the correct temperature and then
quenching it in oil, water, or brine. This makes the steel hard, but also brittle. The hard steel is then
reheated, but to a lower temperature, and held at this temperature for a specified period of time. It is then
allowed to cool to room temperature in still air. This reheating and cooling is called tempering.
template (layout tool). An outline pattern made of sheet metal, plastic, or heavy paper that can be traced
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on the material of which a part is to be made. Much time is saved by using a template rather than having to
lay out the outline of the part from the engineering drawing each time a part is to be made.
tensile strength. The strength of a material that opposes the stresses which try to stretch or lengthen it.
tensile stress. A stress that tries to pull an object apart.
tensiometer. A precision instrument used to measure the tension on a steel control cable installed in an
aircraft. The tensiometer holds the cable at two points, and an anvil presses on the cable between these
　
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