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- gloves
·  Hand washing
Disposal of Infectious materials (after treating the passenger, dispose all soiled items, then
immediately wash hands using soap, water, and friction)
·  Sharps container
·  Biohazard waste materials bag
Post exposure action plan
·  Immediate access to medical consultation
·  Follow-up care
·  Report an exposure incident to supervisor
Assessment of the Victim
Assessing the victim includes a systematic approach to examining the victim and the situation.
The assessment should include the following components:
·  Scene safety
·  Primary survey
- Life-threatening injury assessment
·  Airway
·  Breathing
·  Circulation
·  Bleeding
·  Secondary survey
- Description of the incident
·  Past medical history
·  Current medications
·  Allergies
- Head to toe assessment (visual signs of trauma, such as broken bones)
- Vitalsigns
Section 3:Emergency Procedures December 2001
Issue 1
3-18
3.11.4 Medical Emergencies
The management of in-flight medical emergencies should focus on the most common medical
conditions in-flight. The most common in-flight medical emergencies include:
·  Vasal vagal (fainting)
·  Cardiac conditions
- Chest pain
- Cardiac arrest
·  Respiratory conditions
- Asthma
- Hyperventilation
- Obstructed airway
·  Neurological conditions
- Stroke
- Seizures
·  Gastrointestinal
- Nausea/vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Diarrhea
- Motion sickness
·  Behavioural/Psychological disorders
- Substance abuse
- Panic attacks
·  Other
- Diabetes
- Eye injuries
- Nosebleed
- Electrical injuries
- Thermal injuries
3.11.5 Symptoms & Treatment
The general symptoms and basic treatment of the most common in-flight medical emergencies is
as follows:
Fainting
·  Symptoms
- Light-headed or dizzy feeling
- Pales, cold, clammy skin
- Nausea
- In some cases, trembling arms and legs
- Brief loss of consciousness
Section 3:Emergency Procedures December 2001
Issue 1
3-19
·  Treatment
1. Feel skin to check if it is cold or clammy.
2. Lay the victim flat. Raise legs above level of the heart. Support head with blankets
and pillows.
3. Loosen tight clothing.
4. Consult with a ground-based physician if possible. Consider giving oxygen if the
victim continues to feel faint.
Heart Attack
·  Symptoms
- Chest pain
- Pain, numbness or tingling, spreading to neck, jaw, shoulder, or down one arm
- Pale, or gray, cold, clammy skin
- Nausea and vomiting
- Difficulty breathing
- History of angina or known risk factors
·  Treatment:
1. Reassure the passenger.
2. Give oxygen on high flow setting.
3. Prepare for cardiac arrest.
4. Ask additional crew to retrieve medical equipment (AED).
5. Consult with a ground-based physician if possible .
Asthma
·  Symptoms:
- Dry cough
- Wheezing and or tightness in chest
- Difficulty breathing
- Blue lips, earlobes, and nail-beds
·  Treatment:
1. Assess the passenger’s breathing.
2. Reassure the passenger.
3. Ask if he has medication, if so advise him to take it
4. Help passenger sit forward, resting his arms on the tray table.
5. Loosen tight clothing.
6. Give oxygen on high setting.
7. Consult with a ground-based physician if possible.
Seizure
·  Symptoms:
- Eyes rolling back
- Loss of consciousness
- Stiff arms and legs and arched back, followed by jerky, uncontrolled movements
- Loss of bladder or bowel control is common
Section 3:Emergency Procedures December 2001
Issue 1
3-20
·  Treatment:
1. Reassure the passenger.
2. Loosen tight clothing.
3. Place pillows and blankets around passenger to prevent injury.
4. Once the seizure is over, open the passenger’s airway, check breathing.
5. Give oxygen on high setting.
6. Consult with a ground-based physician if possible .
Nausea & Vomiting
·  Symptoms:
- Feeling nauseous
- Vomiting
- Pale, sweaty, clammy skin
·  Treatment:
1. Provide passenger with air sick bag.
2. Offer the passenger a cool, wet washcloth to wipe his face.
　
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