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between gates and runways. ATC issues clearances
using these coded routes to reduce radio communication and eliminate taxi instruction misinterpretation.
STAR Transition – A published segment used to connect one or more en route airways, jet routes, or RNAV
routes to the basic STAR procedure. It is one of several
routes that bring traffic from different directions into
one STAR. NACO publishes STARs for airports with
procedures authorized by the FAA, and these STARs
are included at the front of each Terminal Procedures
Publication regional booklet.
Start End of Runway (SER) – The beginning of the
takeoff runway available.
Station Declination – The angular difference between
true north and the zero radial of a VOR at the time the
VOR was last site checked.
Surface Incident – An event during which authorized
or unauthorized/unapproved movement occurs in the
movement area or an occurrence in the movement area
associated with the operation of an aircraft that affects
or could affect the safety of flight.
Surface Movement Guidance Control System
(SMGCS) – Facilitates the safe movement of aircraft
and vehicles at airports where scheduled air carriers are
conducting authorized operations. The SMGCS low
visibility taxi plan includes the improvement of taxiway
and runway signs, markings, and lighting, as well as the
creation of SMGCS low visibility taxi route charts.
Synthetic Vision – A visual display of terrain, obstructions, runways, and other surface features that creates a
virtual view of what the pilot would see out the window. This tool could be used to supplement normal
vision in low visibility conditions, as well as to increase
situational awareness in IMC.
Traffic Information Service-Broadcast (TIS-B) – An
air traffic surveillance system that combines all available traffic information on a single display.
Traffic Management Advisor (TMA) – A software
suite that helps air traffic controllers to sequence arriving air traffic.
Transition Altitude (QNH) – The altitude in the vicinity of an airport at or below which the vertical position
of an aircraft is controlled by reference to altitudes
(MSL).
 

　
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本文鏈接地址：Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)儀表程序手冊上(193)