曝光臺(tái) 注意防騙 網(wǎng)曝天貓店富美金盛家居專營店坑蒙拐騙欺詐消費(fèi)者

“Staying Within Protected Airspace,” for a comprehensive discussion of “established.” Prior to issuing a
clearance for the approach, the controller usually
assigns the pilot an altitude compatible with glide slope
intercept.
RADAR VECTORS TO FINAL APPROACH
COURSE
Arriving aircraft usually are vectored to intercept the
final approach course, except with vectors for a visual
approach, at least 2 NM outside the approach gate unless
one of the following exists:
1. When the reported ceiling is at least 500 feet above
the minimum vectoring altitude or minimum IFR
altitude and the visibility is at least 3 NM (report
may be a pilot report if no weather is reported
for the airport), aircraft may be vectored to intercept the final approach course closer than 2 NM
outside the approach gate but no closer than the
approach gate.
2. If specifically requested by a pilot, ATC may
vector aircraft to intercept the final approach
course inside the approach gate but no closer than
the FAF.
For a precision approach, aircraft are vectored at an altitude that is not above the glide slope/glidepath or below
the minimum glide slope intercept altitude specified on
the approach procedure chart. For a nonprecision
approach, aircraft are vectored at an altitude that allows
descent in accordance with the published procedure.
When a vector will take the aircraft across the final
approach course, pilots are informed by ATC and the
reason for the action is stated. In the event that ATC is
not able to inform the aircraft, the pilot is not expected
to turn inbound on the final approach course unless an
approach clearance has been issued. An example of
ATC phraseology in this case is, “…expect vectors
across final for spacing.”
The following ATC arrival instructions are issued to
an IFR aircraft before it reaches the approach gate:
1. Position relative to a fix on the final approach
course. If none is portrayed on the controller’s
radar display or if none is prescribed in the instrument approach procedure, ATC issues position
information relative to the airport or relative to
the navigation aid that provides final approach
guidance.
2. Vector to intercept the final approach course if
required.
3. Approach clearance except when conducting a
radar approach. ATC issues the approach clearance
only after the aircraft is established on a segment
of a published route or instrument approach procedure, or in the following examples as depicted in
Figure 4-8 on page 4-9.
Aircraft 1 was vectored to the final approach course but
clearance was withheld. It is now at 4,000 feet and
established on a segment of the instrument approach
procedure. “Seven miles from X-RAY. Cleared ILS runway three six approach.”
Figure 4-6. Cleared Present Position Direct from V295.
4-7
4-8
Aircraft 2 is being vectored to a published
segment of the final
approach course, 4 NM
from LIMA at 2,000 feet.
The minimum vectoring
altitude for this area is
2,000 feet. “Four miles
from LIMA. Turn right
heading three four zero.
Maintain two thousand
until established on the
localizer. Cleared ILS
runway three six
approach.”
There are many times
when it is desirable to
position an aircraft onto
the final approach course
prior to a published,
charted segment of an
instrument approach procedure (IAP). Sometimes
IAPs have no initial segment and require vectors.
“RADAR REQUIRED”
will be charted in the
planview. Sometimes a
route will intersect an
extended final approach
course making a long
intercept desirable.
When ATC issues a vector or clearance to the
final approach course
beyond the published
segment, controllers
assign an altitude to
maintain until the aircraft
is established on a segment of a published route
or IAP. This ensures that
both the pilot and controller know precisely
what altitude is to be
flown and precisely
where descent to appropriate minimum altitudes
or step-down altitudes can begin.
Most aircraft are vectored onto a localizer or final
approach course between an intermediate fix and the
approach gate. These aircraft normally are told to maintain an altitude until established on a segment of the
approach.
When an aircraft is assigned a route that will establish the
aircraft on a published segment of an approach, the controller must issue an altitude to maintain until the aircraft
is established on a published segment of the approach.
　
中國航空網(wǎng) www.k6050.com
航空翻譯 www.aviation.cn
本文鏈接地址：Instrument Procedures Handbook (IPH)儀表程序手冊(cè)上(92)